چکیده:
In this research, which is presented for the first time, some Manichaean Turfan manuscripts kept in the Berlin Collection under the title 'Evangelical Hymns' are introduced. These hymns, which are compositions by Parthian-speaking Iranians in Khorasan and Transoxiana and whose most important contents concern the 'Manichaean Creation Myth,' were composed in alphabetical and abjad order. The article examines the background of the use of religious hymns before the era of Mani and how such hymns were formed among Mani and the Manichaeans, attempting to show why the title 'Evangelical' was chosen for these texts; and whether these hymns express the same concepts and themes that the Gospel of Mani required? We attempt here to show to what extent Mani could have been influenced by the style of the Psalms of David and the hymns of Ibn Dissan. Here, all fragments of the evangelical hymns are introduced and their most important contents are interpreted. Furthermore, identifying one of the previously unpublished Manichaean Turfan fragments in this article proves that among the Manichaean Iranians, there also existed a song from the Gospel of Mani that was sung in Manichaean Manichaean temples in Central Asia. In this article, we read and reconstructed two Manichaean manuscript fragments recovered from Turfan, China, to present an example of the evangelical hymns.
خلاصه ماشینی:
H1An Evangelical Hymn regarding the Manichaean concept of the "Three Great Days"/H1 With an approach to the origin and nature of Manichaean hymns based on the Turfan manuscripts in the Berlin collection Mohammad Shokri Fumashi FootNote No="8" Text="Assistant Professor of the Department of Religions, University of Religions and Denominations, Qom mshokrif@gmail.
The article examines the background of the use of religious hymns before the era of Mani and how such hymns were formed among Mani and the Manichaeans, and attempts to show why the title "Evangelical" was chosen for these texts; and whether these hymns express the same concepts and themes that the Gospel of Mani required?
H4 Introduction/H4 In the Berlin collection of Manichaean manuscripts, apart from a few fragments that are not particularly noteworthy in terms of text volume, there are twelve pieces that, based on the title of these manuscripts themselves, are referred to as "Evangelical Hymns" (Ewangelyōnīg bāšāhān).
It seems that Bardesanes (Syriac: bar Dayṣān; Arabic: Ibn Dayṣan, 154-222 AD), whom Ephrem calls the 'teacher of Mani' (apud Kessler, 1889: 277, line 7), played a very important role in shaping the necessity of the existence of psalms and hymns in the main body of Mani's original works.
Fragment M558 (lines 5-6 on the second leaf) clearly states that at least among the Eastern Manichaeans (Iran and Central Asia), there were also "songs" (melodies) that were certainly composed for Mani's Living Gospel.
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