چکیده:
This article discusses psychological actions and qualities and their mutual influence from the perspective of the philosophical system of Transcendent Philosophy. It reveals that the relationship between actions and qualities is bidirectional, and they mutually influence each other. Mulla Sadra considers the issuance of voluntary actions to be based on specific principles and believes that in humans, practical reason is the primary source of actions, while in animals, and imagination and fancy serve this function. Qualities are realized through the repetition of actions and practice, and after their realization, they play a role in the issuance of actions. In fact, actions and qualities each influence the creation of the other. Of course, actions and qualities have different types and degrees and, like the soul itself, are subject to intensity and weakness. The human soul at each level has its own specific actions and qualities and is capable of performing tasks according to its existential status, and through extensive practice, it internalizes ethics corresponding to that level of existence. Using an analytical-descriptive method, the essence, formation process, types of action and quality, and their mutual influence are discussed and explored. Certainly, attention to the human soul in terms of actions and qualities will highlight different aspects of the essence of the soul, especially since there has not been a direct study or article on this matter, thus making the discussion of this topic necessary.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Mulla Sadra considers the issuance of a voluntary act to be based on specific principles and believes that in humans, the practical intellect is the primary origin of the issuance of acts, while in animals, illusion (wahm) and imagination (khayal) perform this function.
Especially based on the principles of Mulla Sadra's thought, the soul realizes itself through its own agency and activities and determines its essence and truth; the truth of the soul is transformed and created as a result of acts and habits.
110) In fact, psychic malakat are applied to attributes and qualities that, as a result of human practice and repetition in an action, occur and become ingrained in the soul; in such a way that they transform into the essence of the soul and cannot be subject to decay or change.
The Process of Formation and Issuance of Voluntary Act Mulla Sadra, in counting the number of principles of an act, follows Avicenna to some extent and considers the principles of an act to be four matters; meaning that for the realization of a voluntary act, four issues must pre-exist: knowledge, will (mashi'ah), intention (iradah), and the power to perform the task.
114) Mulla Sadra considers the perceptive faculties as remote principles; illusion and imagination are the origin and source of action in animals, and in humans, the practical intellect undertakes this matter; a person who intends to perform a task, must in the first step have conception and awareness of it and know that performing it is beneficial for him.
(
, 
, 
)
