چکیده:
Taha Hossein، one of the great Muslim scholars of the present century investigated different areas of Islamic thought through scientific method and out-of-religion analysis. He is of salient works in the area of history of Islam. Following the evolutions of the recent two centuries and the collapse of Ottoman emperorship in Arabic countries، it has been made a current emphasizing on Arabic concepts and Arabic race and the followers of this current try to present some reasons for the stability of Umayyad government and the justification of their action. The present research firstly looks for achieving Taha Hossein's approach around bases of legitimacy of a government and secondly، investigating his approach around legitimacy or illegitimacy of Umayyad government emphasizing on Mu'awiyah himself.
خلاصه ماشینی:
In the opening pages of his book "The Great Revolution," in which he analyzes and examines the events related to the popular uprising and the assassination of Uthman, he writes as follows: The supporters of Uthman, Ali, and other companions each have their own reasons and look at the historical events of that era from a religious perspective; regarding their analyses and thoughts in proving or rejecting individuals, they hope in the pleasure of God and believe that in this jihad, they have preserved their religion and clung to certainty.
If he submits to the command of God and adheres to the covenant, it is good; but if he rebels, it is incumbent upon the caliph to fight him until he submits to the command of God. 15 Taha Hussein's View on the Background and Method of Muawiyah's Caliphate At the beginning of the book 'Ali and His Children,' by reviewing the ancient enmity between the Umayyads and the Banu Hashim before Islam and the early years of Islam16 and referring to the actions of Abu Sufyan until the Conquest of Mecca and his forced conversion to Islam at that time,17 examines Muawiyah's actions and his position during this period and writes: People say that after becoming a Muslim, Muawiyah became close to the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) and became a scribe of revelation, but it might be forgotten that he was the son of Abu Sufyan, the commander of the disbelievers in the battles of Uhud and the Trench.
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