چکیده:
'Hope' and 'despair', although categories related to the psychology of each individual in society, have both played a significant role in the ups and downs of civilizations, including Islamic civilization, from a macro perspective. The roots of civilizational despair and hope have always been variable in history, sometimes influenced by religious beliefs (eschatology) and sometimes arising from social and political transformations (for example, the Crusades or the Mongol invasions). What will be emphasized and focused on in this article is, first, a theoretical and theological review (in Islamic, Christian, and Jewish perspectives) of the relationship between 'hope', 'faith', and 'civilization'. Then, in another step, with a brief review of the pasts and the seven periods of Islamic civilization, examples and instances of hopes and despairs and the macro and great social effects of each at the peak and trough of civilization are mentioned, in order to trace and depict the historical process of movement from despair to hope, from Arabic Jahiliyyah to the society of Madinat al-Nabi at the turning points of Islamic civilization.
خلاصه ماشینی:
" Then, in another step, with a general review of the past and the seven periods of Islamic civilization, examples and instances of hopes and despairs, and their macro and great social effects during the peaks and troughs of civilization will be mentioned, in order to trace and depict the historical process of moving from despair to hope, and from Arab Jahiliyyah to the society of Madinat al-Nabi at the turning points of Islamic civilization.
It is quite clear that narrating the struggle between the front of hope and the current of hopelessness in the difficult transformations of Islamic history will have many lessons for today's Muslim world, so that they can open their eyes to the historical past of hope and, relying on it, open new horizons in their modern lives; and secondly, in seeking their own weaknesses and in facing theories of despair and theories of decline, they can adopt a cautious approach and distinguish the paths of liberation from stagnation and decay.
218 However, the thought and culture of Muslims in the East and, more importantly, the importance of the Quran in the daily life of the Islamic world, have returned hope for the future of religion and civilization to the lives of Muslims.
The millennialist movement, which is prevalent in various forms in the Islamic world, although seemingly a theological issue related to the faith and religious beliefs of Muslims, its role and place in the historical past of Muslims in shaping social hope should not be overlooked, nor should it be neglected as a means of opening new horizons of life for the future of Muslims.
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