چکیده:
The way God intervenes in the natural world is considered a major and long-standing issue in the realm of theology and philosophy of religion where efforts to resolve it has led to proposing various and, at times, opposing views, spanning from determinism to delegation. By employing a novel criterion to distinguish between various divine actions in the world, the current paper attempts to present and assess Allamah Tabatabaei’s approach as an Islamic determinist philosopher in regard to the topic and seeks to lay the groundwork for offering solutions in both deterministic and indeterministic models by revisiting the causal homogeneity principle in order to find a way out of dominant intellectual impediments. To that end, the paper serves to show that by extending the concept of causal homogeneity within a deterministic framework, one can attest to the direct interference of immaterial entities in the material world, whereas by resting upon the ‘principle of causal necessity’ and a particular attitude towards the principle of homogeneity within an indeterministic framework, one can defend the interference of immaterial causes in order to realize one of the possible probabilities.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Determinism and Divine Agency from the Perspective of Allameh Tabataba'i Seyyed Mohammad Faqih Abdolrasoul Kashfi Date of Receipt: 2017/12/09 | Date of Acceptance: 2018/03/17 Abstract The manner of God's intervention in the natural world is considered one of the ancient and important issues in the field of theology and philosophy of religion, ِ which efforts to resolve it have led to the presentation of various and sometimes contradictory views, ranging widely from determinism (jabr) to delegation (tafwid).
2. Allameh Tabataba'i and General Divine Action The dependencies and connections of various existing multiplicities, or the existential dependence of some beings (effects) on the existence of others (causes) - which is referred to as the causal relationship - can be observed in various ways.
Allameh Tabataba'i, in the fourteenth article of "Principles of Philosophy and the Method of Representative Realism," has stated that the goal, based on Professor Motahhari's commentary, is to investigate the effect of belief in God on the knowledge of the causes of natural events.
"The Quran has accepted the existence of miracles, but not in ّ the form of impossible acts that cause the violation of the necessities of reason 2" (Allameh Tabataba'i, 1387, Vol. 3, p.
Allameh and the Ontological Explanation of Miracles The Quran confirms the general law of causality, meaning that every phenomenon requires a cause and that no effect deviates from its cause (Allameh Tabataba'i, 2008, Vol. 3, p.
The Quran, while acknowledging the causal relationships between beings, attributes material effects to God (Allameh Tabataba'i, 2008, Vol. 3, p.
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