چکیده:
Comparative Religious research faced many challenges in its relations with Christianity and science from its inception in the 19th century. Christianity and modern science were critical of theology from both religious and scientific points of view respectively. During the same period, a pioneering school in Protestant Theology known as Liberal Theology was established, which sought compatibility with the new developments, paved the way for the nascent Comparative Religious research, and exerted some impact on it, too. The analytical and descriptive approach in this study has elaborated on some of the effects of liberal theology on Comparative Religious research. Liberal theology was not an exclusivist and held a broader view of religion, took the non-rational and intuitional experiences more seriously, made revisions in metaphysical Christian doctrines and, while lessening the importance of some of them, attached more significance to some others. It underlined the importance of morality, and historical research on early Christianity and the Bible. Moreover, it attempted to reconcile science and religion. These characteristics of Liberal Theology were instrumental in resolving the difficulties in the path of Comparative Religious research. By introducing these subjects, Liberal theology paved the ground for the establishment of Comparative Religious research. In addition, the liberal tendencies of some scholars sparked in Comparative Religious research discussions about such concepts as pacifism, the conciliation of religions, and the emergence of an attitude of non-rational experience based on Rudolph Otto’s idea of the numinous.
خلاصه ماشینی:
" During this same period, a progressive movement emerged within Protestant Christian theology seeking to accompany the modern condition, known as liberal theology, which paved the way for the nascent science of comparative religious studies and left its impact on it.
In this article, which is written using a descriptive and analytical method, important aspects of this influence of liberal theology on the science of comparative religious studies are shown; liberal theology was not exclusivist and had a more general view of religion, it granted status and position to intuitive and non-rational religious experiences, it revised Christian metaphysical doctrines and reduced the importance of some of them.
By proposing the above topics, liberal theology opened the way for the stabilization of religious studies and, in addition, led to the proposal of topics in comparative religious studies; such as the rapprochement of religions, pacifism, and also an approach favoring inner experience centered on the thoughts of Rudolf Otto.
In the following, decisive components in the theology of liberal theologians, especially Ritschl and Schleiermacher, are introduced, which are effective in showing the influence of this school on comparative religious studies.
P. Thiele12, and Santpi Dolasuse13, were liberal Christians (22, p: 148), and religious scholars such as Nathan Zudeblum14, Robertson Smith15, Friedrich Heiler16, Rudolf Otto17, Joachim Wach18, Gerardus van der Leeuw19, and the German school of Religionsgeschichtliche20 have been influenced by liberal theology (22, pp: 124, 78, 230, 167, 238, 149).
(
, 
, 
)
