چکیده:
Bravine's political mission in Iran (February 27, 1296 to September 31, 1297 A.D.) as the first ambassador of the Russian Bolshevik government marked the beginning of a new era in the political relations between the two countries, but this mission did not end happily for Bravine. According to him, the British disagreement with the activity of the Bolshevik ambassador in Tehran, as well as the fear of the Iranian government and ruling body to announce their official positions in accepting the Soviet revolutionary government, were among the most important problems facing the first Soviet ambassador to Iran. Thus, if Bravine overcame these problems, he could have established his presence and position in Tehran, but in practice he could not achieve diplomatic success in Tehran. In the forthcoming research, this question arises; "What were the reasons for Bravine's failure in his mission to Tehran as the first Soviet ambassador?" The findings show that, despite the support of Bravine by the Jungle followers and some democrats, the conditions of World War I, especially the British government's influence on the Iran's political structure, Iran's and Caucasus's political turmoil and the Iranian government's reluctance to formally recognize the Soviet government and its ambassador, as well as the Soviet rulers' lack of firm support for him, were important factors of Bravine's failure in this mission. The present study is conducted using a historical and documentary approach implementing a descriptive-analytical research method.
خلاصه ماشینی:
The simultaneous presence of the Tsarist Russian ambassador and the support of the Cossacks for him, England's disagreement with the activities of the Bolshevik ambassador in Tehran, and also the fear of the Iranian government and ruling body from declaring their official positions in recognizing the revolutionary Soviet government, were among the most important problems facing the first Soviet ambassador in Iran.
The findings of the research show that despite the support Bruce received from the Jangali movement and some democratic figures, the conditions of World War I, especially the influence of the British government on Iran's political structure, the political turmoil in Iran and the Caucasus, the hesitation of the Iranian government in the official recognition of the Soviet government and its ambassador, and also the lack of decisive support from the Soviet leaders towards him, were important factors in Bruce's failure in this mission.
Archival reports related to Bravine show that, given the repressive actions of the Russians in Iran, which did not enjoy a good position among the Iranian people and statesmen, the Bolsheviks, by choosing a well-intentioned and well-reputed diplomat and presenting idealistic slogans, aimed first at attracting the press, intellectuals, and the masses of Iran and then gaining the attention of statesmen, to draw closer to Iran during the crisis of their political existence and prevent English influence in the Caucasus and the northern regions of Iran; however, the failure of Bravine's embassy caused the Soviet leaders to reconsider the political and social conditions of Iran in the coming years, especially regarding the Jungle Movement.
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