چکیده:
Revealed religion of Islam descended upon Muhammad (pbuh) on behalf of God. Despite being a collection of commandments, religious, prayer, personal, social, and other duties included in the Holy Quran and traditions donated to humanity, from the Prophet’s standpoint, rites and traditions are based on morality, and for him, the ultimate prophetic mission is the expansion of good morals and comportment among people. Imam Ali(a.s.), who from his childhood and before the Prophet’s prophetic mission until the time he buried the Prophet’s body, always and everywhere accompanied the Prophet and constantly benefited from the Prophet’s knowledge, insight, and character; not only deserves political and religious surrogacy of Muslims on behalf of Muhammad(pbuh) but also necessitates himself to morality-based attitudes in all affairs and matters; because the Prophet(pbuh), before being a religious and political leader of Muslims, was a moral exemplar in all aspects. Thus, his exclusive successor, Imam Ali (a.s), must with particular and necessary effort adhere to morality in every political and religious task, remaining as a fixed and attractive exemplar for all humanity and Muslims forever. This research, benefiting from authentic data and historical references, systematically studies the ethical and clement manner of Imam Ali (a.s) in his caliphate epoch. Hoping that in this chaotic period of Islam, with all the violence and anti-divine acts by some Muslim minorities who make life troublesome and difficult for humanity and Muslims; clinging to the moral and merciful guidelines of Imam Ali (a.s) will shed a hopeful life fraught with peace and serenity upon humanity and Islamic societies, perpetuate it, and replace Islamophobia with Islamophilia.
خلاصه ماشینی:
s. ) Abstract Revealed religion of Islam descended upon Muhammad (pbuh) on behalf of God. Despite being a collection of commandments, religious, pray, personal, social and other duties included in the Holy Quran and tradition donated to humanity, from the Prophet's standpoint, rites and traditions are based on morality and for him the ultimate prophetic mission is the expansion of good moral and comportment among people.
In imam’s people-centered view, which is the unique honors in the history of Islam and Muslims, to extend the right of objection by his opponents was recognized that, imam accepted cheerfully the refusing the allegiance of famous people such as Sa’d ibn Abi Waqqas, Abdullah bin Omar and Muhammad ibn Moslame Ansari and said, "they were dishonored the right and did not help the wrong".
The act of Ali was transformative and full of morality and mercy toward the Prophet’s wife Aisha, so much so that it made her regretful and she wished to stay at home or die on the way to Basra rather than fighting with Ali. She also proposed to compensate for the Jamal, join Ali (AS), and be with him to fight his enemies in future battles, but Imam asked her to return and stay in the Prophet’s house that she had left and accepted his niece’s, Abdullah ibn Zubair, request for forgiveness.
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