چکیده:
There is no doubt that the Imams (as) have been perfect humans and have had and continue to have the responsibility of guiding other humans. The guidance of humans by the Infallibles (as) requires appropriate tools, such as the use of logical and rational proofs and arguments. In this research, while introducing the cognitive sources of humans (sensation and intellect), the possession of the rational and reflective powers by humans, as well as the insufficiency of the knowledge of this power due to its limitations and the occurrence of error, has been examined. Accordingly, while accepting the authority of human thought, the Infallible (as) does not consider it complete and flawless, yet on the other hand, does not consider it entirely wrong; therefore, the Infallible (as) has used the establishment of rational reasoning for the purpose of guidance and conveying their message to humans. Finally, considering that the realization of guidance and human perfection is not possible without the assistance of divine guides, the Infallible (as), given this context, has used proof and reasoning by virtue of intellect in pursuing their guidance goals when facing humans.
خلاصه ماشینی:
إن دظ چژلءلله ٍّخئجهف ض ع ق ۀ In the issue of human thought and argumentation, certain premises and presuppositions must be accepted, such as: the possibility of cognition, the validity and authority of the power of intellect and perception, the acceptance of error in understanding matters, and the possibility of removing scientific errors with the help of rational argumentation.
Commentators, in interpreting this verse, have pointed out several points that indicate the existence of sensory cognition and intellectual cognition for humans: 1- God has bestowed upon humans the blessing of hearing (sam') for listening, the blessing of sight (absar) for seeing, and the blessing of hearts and intellects (af'idah and qulub) for reasoning (Fayz Kashani; Vol. 4, p.
From the summation of the aforementioned examples and other referred cases, it is obtained that from the perspective of the Infallible (AS), the possibility and formation of error in human thought, reasoning, and intellect is recorded.
Presenting arguments during the stages of propagation, clarification, and conveying rulings based on their own intentions, in line with the performance of their duties, indicates that the Infallible (AS) considers the understanding and transmission of reasoning to be within the capability of an ordinary human.
Based on the presented materials, we have reached this understanding that: humans possess the faculty of intellect, and through it, they engage in thinking and reasoning to convey and utilize their internal meanings and desires.
Therefore, if any word from the Infallible (AS) or any verse from the Quran indicates the existence of error in human thoughts and reasoning in a reasoning manner, it has a guiding aspect.
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