چکیده:
Fighting with non-Muslims and its conditions is one of the issues that have always been discussed in the interpretations. Commentators differ on who is the warrior and what is the reason for the necessity of war with non-Muslims. This research tries to investigate these views according to verse 193 of Al-Baqara Surah by description, explanation and critical analysis. In the meantime, the neglect of the Qur'an moral theory in the interpretation views has caused unjustified opinions. The purpose of the research is to identify the Qur'an ethical theory in normative ethics in order to get a better understanding of the mentioned verse. The results show that the moral theory of the Qur'an is close to the deontological ethics. According to this approach, harming non- warrior is morally objectionable, and a non-Muslim should not be killed for his wrong belief. Also, according to the Al-Baqarah Surah, verses 190 to 193, and its semantics, the word “sedition " indicates the destructive actions of non-Muslims as well as the persecution of Muslims, and other meanings of the word "sedition" are not among its original meanings.
خلاصه ماشینی:
The Theory of Moral Deontologism in the Quran and its Impact on Understanding Verse 193 of Surah Al-Baqarah Yaser Delshad 1 - Mohammad Javad Enayati Rad 2 Abstract Fighting with non-Muslims and its conditions is one of the topics that has long been raised in exegetical works, and commentators have differed on who a combatant is and the reason for the necessity of war with non-Muslims.
Furthermore, considering the context of verses 190 to 193 of Surah Al-Baqarah and its semantics, the word "fitna" refers to the subversive actions of non-Muslims and also the persecution of Muslims, and other proposed meanings are not considered among its original meanings.
1. Research Method The present research, through critical description and analysis and using a verse-by-verse method, aims to correct and refine the exegetical interpretations of verse 193 of Al-Baqarah and seeks to show that paying attention to the Quranic moral theory plays an important role in better understanding the verses, especially the aforementioned verse.
In the continuation of the research, attention to fundamental moral values and the necessity of applying them in the context of verse 193 of Al-Baqarah is expressed through the examination of two words, fitna and muqatala.
In this regard, it seems that the meanings of disbelief and polytheism for the word fitna in verses 191 and 193 of Al-Baqarah do not have much correspondence with the root "fatan"; because the disbelievers and polytheists, through the harm, injury, and psychological and physical distress of Muslims, were seeking to separate them from religion and Divine faith.
(
, 
, 
)
