چکیده:
This is an investigation and critique of the position and role of the reasons for revelation (Asbab al-Nuzul) in 'Tafsir Rawd al-Jinan wa Ruh al-Jinan' by Abu al-Futuh al-Razi. This Persian commentary, written in the first half of the sixth century AH, holds a special place among commentaries due to its comprehensiveness. Based on the point that there is a close relationship between interpretation and the reasons for revelation, Abu al-Futuh has paid special attention to this matter and has greatly benefited from the reasons for revelation in explaining historical events, clarifying religious beliefs, deducing jurisprudential rulings, and understanding the meaning of verses. Despite the reason for the revelation of a verse, he does not consider the generality of the text to be valid and believes that if a verse is interpreted generally despite the reason for its revelation, it requires evidence. Abu al-Futuh's style in dealing with the reasons for revelation focuses more on detailed reporting, and in a few cases, he has turned to analysis and critique based on the generality and apparent meaning of the verse, the context of the verse, and theological foundations. While he cites all opinions, he refrains from mentioning the chain of narration for the reports regarding the reasons for revelation. Abu al-Futuh's primary sources are the sayings of the Companions and the Tabi'un, but he has also narrated very few hadiths from the Ahl al-Bayt (AS).
خلاصه ماشینی:
Mirza Abu al-Hasan Sha'rani says regarding the commentator's Persian literature: "The exegesis of Sheikh Abu al-Futuh al-Razi, may God have mercy on him, excels all other Shia Persian exegeses in terms of eloquence of wording and subtlety of expression, even though the author is of Arab descent...
Reasons for Revelation (Asbab al-Nuzul) in Abu al-Futuh's Exegesis He pays special attention to mentioning the reasons for the revelation of verses and utilizes the reasons for revelation in various exegetical instances; he also selects his own creedal and jurisprudential opinions in some cases based on the reasons for revelation, as we will discuss in detail in this regard.
Explaining historical events Dr. Askar Huquqi, in the book 'Investigation into the Exegesis of Abu al-Futuh al-Razi,' writes about this: "In explaining the context of revelation (shan al-nuzul) of the verses, the Sheikh refers to historical matters and the battles (ghazawat) of the Holy Messenger ﷺ.
2. The reportative nature of the reasons for revelation: Based on induction, Abu al-Futuh al-Razi has narrated the reason for revelation for 316 verses and 7 entire Surahs, totaling 323 cases.
" Example of a summary report: In the interpretation of Abu al-Futuh al-Razi, the following cases are mentioned as examples of summary reports of the reasons for revelation: A.
"/> In this regard, Abu al-Futuh al-Razi has mentioned five different opinions regarding the reason for the revelation of the noble verse.
3. Context of the verse: In some cases, Abu al-Futuh al-Razi criticizes the reason for revelation based on the context of the verse.
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