چکیده:
Large scientific complexes and, in general, the development and progress of science and knowledge followed this period. In this article, an attempt will be made to introduce the most important and famous practical schools of the Ilkhanid era, categorized by geographical area, and to analyze their impact on Islamic-Iranian culture and civilization. Research on the history of schools as scientific-educational centers can be considered part of the history of science and culture of any country. Undoubtedly, the multiplicity and diversity of these centers at a specific time and place is a sign of the prosperity and progress of science and knowledge during this period. One of the historical periods of Iran that, despite existing mentalities, is considered one of the most numerous and prosperous periods in Iranian history in terms of the establishment of scientific schools, is the second half of the Ilkhanid rule, because the first decades of the nomadic Mongols' conquest of Iran were full of destruction and massacre. However, simultaneous with the stabilization and establishment of Mongol rule, their policy also tended towards employing virtuous, capable, and science-loving ministers such as Ata Malik Juvayni, Khwaja Rashid al-Din Fazlullah and his son Ghiyas al-Din, and toward the reconstruction and encouragement and promotion of science. The pursuit of this policy led to a significant expansion of the establishment of
خلاصه ماشینی:
One of the historical periods of Iran that, despite existing mentalities, is considered one of the most numerous and prosperous periods in Iranian history in terms of the establishment of scientific schools, is the second half of the Ilkhanid era; because the first decades of the nomadic Mongols' conquest of Iran were entirely characterized by destruction and massacre.
The primary points of concentration for such scientific centers are Azerbaijan (the four domains of Rab-e Rashidi, Shanb-e Ghazani, the Soltaniyeh Complex, and the Maragheh Observatory), Yazd, Shiraz, and Isfahan.
Rab-e Rashidi Rab-e Rashidi is a large and unique complex that was established in the late 7th or early 8th century by the order of Khwaja Rashid al-Din. This complex contained madrasas, Dar al-Shifa, Dar al-Siyada, and many chambers for students of sciences, and many endowments were also designated for its administration.
and in the year 337 AH, the construction was completed, at which time Amir Shams al-Din passed away in Tabriz, and his body was brought to Yazd and buried in his own madrasah.
Given the reception of the madrasah-building tradition by the Atabegs of Fars in regions such as Yazd, Isfahan, and Azerbaijan, Shiraz became one of the hubs of scientific and educational centers in Mongol-era Iran.
This madrasah was located in the Suq al-Kabir of Shiraz, and in the year 576 AH, Qadi Imam al-Din Abu al-Qasim Umar bin Muhammad bin Ali Baydawi, one of its teachers, was buried there.
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