چکیده:
During the Qajar era, an important factor for Iranian society's familiarity with Western modernity was the travel of Iranian thinkers and tourists to India. Among these thinkers, Abdul Latif Shoushtari was a prominent figure, whose role has been much studied yet. The present paper seeks to answer these question: how Western modernity in India was reflected in Abdul Latif Shoushtari's discourse and what effect it had on the Iranian evolution of political thought? This paper is using descriptive-analytical method and discourse analysis theory. The findings of this study show that, although Shoushtari included many components of Western modernity in his book, and as a pioneer in this field, played a constructive role in the initial introduction of modernity to Iranian society as well as later thinkers to this, however, his knowledge was mostly based on appearances and manifestations, without deep knowledge of the basics and foundations of modernity.
خلاصه ماشینی:
The West and Modernity in the Discourse of "Abdul Latif Shoushtari" 1 Mohammad Reza Alam 2 Iraj Varfinezhad, Atta Amoozian During the Qajar era, an important part of Iranian society's acquaintance with Western modernity was the result of the travels of Iranian thinkers and tourists to India.
Given that Abdul Latif himself had not seen Europe and had only reflected it in his book based on the components of Western modernity in India, and on the other hand, since he is among the first Iranian thinkers to have encountered Western modernity, the investigation and analysis of his discourse regarding modernity from this dimension is important to determine what effect this discourse had on the thought of modernism and the reformist transformations of Iranian society.
By observing the advancements of European nations and their scientific progress in the field of natural sciences and the clarification of the philosophy of many natural phenomena, he called the traditional discourse prevailing over Iranian society regarding scientific issues and subjects a myth and said: "All these stories are subject to doubt, are baseless, and fall into the category of myth; because none of the sages of the past or the preceding monarchs have thought of investigating these levels, and they have not spent their time as they should have" (Shushtari, Ibid, 241).
The most important floating signifiers of the discourse of Abd al-Latif Shushtari regarding modernity in the book Tuhfat al-Alam are: rationalism and scientism, the rule of law and equality, a new political system, a modern judicial system, a new economic system, scientific innovations, and individual and civil liberties; which we will examine in the following.
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