چکیده:
. Atheist philosophers have advanced numerous ethical arguments against the belief in God. Louis Antony, in particular, argues that a belief in God is incompatible with moral agency. This paper offers a descriptive-analytical assessment of her claim by examining the foundations and implications of her argument. She posits that to maximize divine approval, actions must be motivated solely by intrinsic goodness. She further claims that the only psychological means to achieve this is by denying the existence of God. Antony's argument rests on the incompatibility between theism and the intrinsic goodness or badness of actions, the moral agent's autonomy, and the rejection of divine command theory. These presuppositions face significant philosophical challenges. A careful examination of the concepts of goodness and badness, as well as a philosophical analysis of the process of voluntary action, reveals that the notion of incompatibility between belief in God and moral action is questionable. .
خلاصه ماشینی:
In this argument, Antony considers the requirement for attaining maximum divine satisfaction to be performing an action solely for the motive of intrinsic goodness, and finds the only psychological solution to achieve this in the denial of belief in the existence of God. Her main premise is the incompatibility between theism and the intrinsic goodness or badness of actions, the autonomy of the moral agent, and the rejection of duty-based morality based on the divine command.
The implication of this premise is ultimately a tendency toward the denial of belief in God; because the implication of believing in God is performing actions for the motive of pure obedience to Him. Pure obedience to another deprives the moral agent of the independence of will and eliminates the agent's ability to independently perform an act based on goodness and badness, and ultimately makes the independence of the moral agent impossible in the Divine Command; therefore, from this perspective, the only solution to preserve the independence of the moral agent is the denial of belief in God. Third meaning) Denial of moral consequentialism Consequentialism is a general approach in normative ethics that, firstly, instead of focusing on the intrinsic goodness and badness of the action, focuses on its result, and secondly, in the scope of moral values, gives primary importance to actions Reason and Religion, Year 15, Number 29 (Autumn and Winter 2023) 56 ▪ Analytical evaluation of Louise Antony's moral argument against theism gives.
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