چکیده:
In this article, while emphasizing the importance of the issue of legitimacy and its role in the survival and endurance of political systems, the most appropriate and correct definition for this term, namely 'the right to sovereignty of rulers,' is presented and explained. The most important question is based on the premise of on what basis a ruler gains the right to govern and exercise power, or in other words, the right to command and forbid. Then, by emphasizing the divine nature of the inherent source of government legitimacy in Islam, the disagreement among Muslims regarding the sources of government legitimacy after the Prophet (PBUH) is mentioned. Shiites generally believe in the divine legitimacy of the government after the Messenger of Allah (PBUH), whereas Sunnis consider various sources, including the consensus of the people of binding and loosing (Ahl al-Hall wal-Aqd) and the pledge of allegiance (Bay'ah) of the people, the succession of a previous Imam, and seizure, force, and dominance, as valid in the establishment of government and Imamate, which are reviewed and critiqued in detail in this writing.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Shiites generally believe in the divine legitimacy of government after the Messenger of Allah (PBUH), whereas Sunnis consider various sources, including the consensus of the people of binding and loosing (Ahl al-Hall wal-Aqd) and the allegiance (Bay'ah) of the people, the succession of a previous Imam, and seizure, force, and dominance, to be valid in the establishment of government and Imamate, which are discussed and reviewed in detail in this writing.
" However, in contrast, the Sunnis believe that after the Prophet (PBUH), the matter of governance was entirely entrusted to the discretion and choice of the Ummah, and they have considered various sources for the legitimacy of government, including the consensus of the people of binding and loosing (ahl al-hall wa al-aqd), allegiance (bay'ah), force and dominance, succession, and the appointment of the previous Imam, which will be discussed and examined in detail in the following sections.
There are also hadiths and narrations that indicate the negation of dominance and usurpation and the necessity of gaining the consent of the people in the exercise of political power, Imam Ali (AS), despite having the right to guardianship (wilayah) over the people, says in this regard, quoting the Noble Prophet (PBUH): "That the Prophet of God made a covenant with me and said: O Abu Talib, the leadership of my Ummah is in truth yours; so if the people choose you for their guardianship with satisfaction and desire and come around you with pleasure, then take charge of their guardianship, and if they differ regarding your caliphate, leave them to what they are in, and God will provide for you an opening that is without responsibility and rewarding.
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