چکیده:
The strategy of extension (basṭ) is one of the techniques for quality assessment in Garces' viewpoint, which consists of "explanation, definition, syntactic extension, creative extension, simple extension", incorporated in three levels of semantic-lexical, syntactic, and stylistic and ultimately critically reviews the degree of the positive and negative features representing the competence and acceptability. With an analytical approach of a comparative type, the present research reviews the frequency of various extension techniques in three translations of Fouladvcand, with the centrality of faithfulness; Mujtabavi, with the centrality of communicative and semantic translation; and Saffarzadeh, with the centrality of free translation of Sūras of Al-Naba’, Al-Takwīr, and Al-Muṭaffifīn. Next, with reliance on statistics and charts, the obtained amounts are compared and the amount of the negative and positive addenda is specified in terms of quality and acceptability. The resultant findings indicates that the addenda in semantic and syntactic levels have caused many changes in the stylistic level of the translated text, so much as a considerable percentage is observed in negative competence. According to Garces' model, Mujtabavi's semantic translation enjoys less acceptability in application of the strategy of extension as compared to its highly positive competence; and the competence and acceptability of his translation is higher than the Saffarzadeh's free translation and Fouladvand's faithful translation.
خلاصه ماشینی:
The effect of employing the "expansion" strategy on the level of adequacy and acceptability of the translations of Saffarzadeh, Mojtabavi, and Fouladvand of the Holy Quran * 1 Marzieh Rahimi Azin (Corresponding Author) 2 Morteza Qaemi 3 Seyyed Mahdi Masbouq Abstract: The "expansion" strategy is one of the quality assessment techniques in Garcés's view, consisting of "explanation, definition, syntactic expansion, semantic expansion, creative expansion, and simple expansion," which includes three levels: semantic-lexical, syntactic, and stylistic, and ultimately critiques and examines the degree of positive and negative features indicating adequacy and acceptability.
Based on the Garcés model, Mojtabavi's semantic translation, in the application of the expansion strategy, despite having a high positive adequacy, had less negative acceptability, and the adequacy and acceptability of his translation is higher than the two free translations of Saffarzadeh and the faithful translation of Fouladvand.
The techniques that fall under the section of negative characteristics of adequacy and acceptability include: ambiguity, loan translation, simplification, literal translation, inadequacy in the concept of equivalents, change of tone, change in internal structure, manipulation (reduction), modulation of colloquial expressions, syntactic contraction or reduction, preservation of source text structures, creative expansion, simple expansion, translator error, and omission or change of rhetorical devices.
Research Findings The "expansion" strategy in Garce's model, which includes the techniques of 1- explanation and definition, 2- syntactic expansion at the semantic and lexical level, 3- semantic expansion at the syntactic level, 4- expansion creative and 5- simple expansion at the stylistic level, were examined in three translations: Fouladvand with a focus on faithful style, Mojtabavi with a focus on semantic translation, and Saffarzadeh of the free type, from three blessed Surahs: An-Naba, At-Takwir, and Al-Mutaffifin.
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