The Madrasa-making Movement in Jerusalem during the Mamluk Period (648-923 AH) and its Social and Cultural Impacts مقاله

چکیده:

Objective: The history of education and educational institutions in Islamic societies is worthy of investigation from various aspects. In addition to the macro studies conducted so far in this field, the history of Islamic education can also be traced through regional or urban geographical territories. If this task is carried out for all Islamic lands/cities, a more accurate and comprehensive picture of the history of education in Islamic civilization can be obtained. This article examines the process of establishing madrasas in Jerusalem during the Mamluk period (648-923 AH) and aims to analyze the impacts of the formation and expansion of madrasas in this city. The madrasa-making movement in Jerusalem, which began in the Ayyubid era, accelerated during the Mamluk period, and the number of schools in this city increased. Mamluk sultans and emirs paid special attention to the establishment of madrasas, and sometimes scholars and merchants also followed their example. Method: This research was conducted using the library method based on historical sources. Findings: According to statistics, 35 madrasas were built in Jerusalem during this period. Extensive madrasa-making had many social and cultural effects; including turning Jerusalem into one of the main destinations for Muslims, especially scholars and seekers of knowledge. Madrasa-making and the gathering of Muslim scholars was one of the main factors in reviving the Islamic identity of this city. Conclusion: Jerusalem became full of Islamic signs, values, traditions, and rituals, and its Islamization process was completed.