The Umayyad Caliphate and an Examination of its Foundations of Legitimacy مقاله

خلاصه ماشینی:

However, a brief reference to this point is necessary: the specific nature of the relations of Caliph Umar (13-23 AH) with the Umayyads, placing the sovereignty of Sham in the hands of this clan, and exceptionally removing all types of supervision and commands/prohibitions from them, caused the Banu Umayya to feel that they could also find a place to seize power within Islam and among the Muslims — of the same type as their pre-Islamic era, but of course under the name of Islam. They were able to gradually regroup during the period of the first three caliphs after the Prophet (peace be upon him and his progeny), and this time, by practically eliminating the Banu Hashim from Quraysh through the empowerment of Uthman the Umayyad, and then Muawiyah, the son of Abu Sufyan, the great of Banu Umayya, they attained a position superior to the position of the Jahiliyyah era. 8 This situation, of course, continued throughout the entire Umayyad Caliphate era until the people of Sham, according to their own words, until the fall of the Umayyads and the rise of the Abbasids, had no that the Prophet had other relatives besides the Banu Umayya!9 However, the Umayyads, not only in Sham but also in the collection of territories under their rule, attempted to make their government appear completely legitimate by employing religious terminology and concepts in their own intended meaning and purpose, and especially through the extensive forgery of hadiths attributed to the Holy Prophet (peace be upon him and his family).