چکیده:
The Ayyan were a group of poor and fearless chivalrous men who played a significant role in the transformations of Baghdad during the Abbasid era; due to the nature of their emergence, this group of individuals has been called by various and sometimes similar names such as Shattarān, Zawāqīl, Sa'ālīk, Tar rārān, 'Aqūrah, Fattāk, Zurafā', and Javanmardan; however, most historians contend that these individuals were actually bandits and looters who followed their own specific laws and hierarchies. In the late second century AH, by exploiting the conflict between Amin al-Abbasi (r. 193-198 AH) and Ma'mun al-Abbasi (r. 198-218 AH), they were able, for the first time, to emerge from the anonymous and low-ranking masses of society and influence the political developments of Baghdad at that time. Using the historical contextualization method, the present research examines the causes and reasons for the political role of the Ayyan in Baghdad in the late second century and how the Ayyan played their political role for the first time during the conflict between Amin and Ma'mun.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Keywords: Baghdad, Ayyan, Shatran, Conflict between Amin and Ma'mun Introduction In linguistics, 'Ayyar' refers to an individual who is constantly in motion and transit, but in terminology, it is mostly used to mean an honorable thief (Ibn Manzur, 1412: supplement to the entry 'ayr; Dehkhoda, 1372: supplement to the entry 'ayyar; Safipouri Shirazi, 1353).
In both ancient and later sources, whether in specific biographical dictionaries or within the description of events that paved the way for the presence of the Ayyan, they have been mentioned; for example, Masudi, Tabari, and Ibn al-Athir, while describing the war of Amin and Ma'mun in Baghdad, mention how the presence historical [context] has addressed the causes and reasons of the political role of the Ayyan in Baghdad in the late second century.
Baghdad, Ayyan, Shatran, Conflict between Amin and Ma'mun Introduction In linguistics, 'Ayyar' refers to an individual who is constantly in motion and transit, but in terminology, it is mostly used to mean an honorable thief (Ibn Manzur, 1412: supplement to the entry 'ayr; Dehkhoda, 1372: supplement to the entry 'ayyar; Safipouri Shirazi, 1353).
In both ancient and later sources, whether in specific biographical dictionaries or within the description of events that paved the way for the presence of the Ayyan, they have been mentioned; for example, Masudi, Tabari, and Ibn al-Athir, while describing the war of Amin and Ma'mun in Baghdad, mention how the presence of the Ayyan, their numbers, and their classifications have been mentioned.
Despite the surrender of Ali Faraframard and Muhammad ibn Isa, the commanders of Amin's army, the Ayyaran fought very bravely and killed many of Tahir's soldiers inside and outside Qasr al-Salih.
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