چکیده:
Virtual currency was proposed with the aim of facilitating financial affairs and creating money without the presence of intermediaries and by people in the community. This type of money has no central service provider or financial institution to control the transfer; Because everything is based on peer-to-peer communication. Now, since the use of digital or electronic currencies in the domestic and global markets is expanding rapidly, we are forced to discuss and research its various aspects from a jurisprudential point of view. Let's know its nature and special features - that the inference of Sharia rulings is possible only through its identification. After clarifying the various aspects of these currencies, we find that many of the doubts that have arisen about their legitimacy are due to the lack of knowledge of the nature and technology of their production and exchange with them based on this technology. The ruling on the sanctity of cryptocurrency mining operations and the sanctity of transactions with them is very difficult from the perspective of Imamiyah jurisprudence in terms of the first ruling. In this article, an attempt is made to check the accuracy of transactions with cryptocurrencies using the method of ijtihad and to answer all the problems related to it.
خلاصه ماشینی:
A Jurisprudential Study of Cryptocurrencies with a Focus on Issues Arising from their Status as a Unit of Exchange and their Electronic Structure 5 Date of Receipt: 2023/01/28 Date of Acceptance: 2023/06/20 _______________________________________________________________ Mohammad Hossein Bayati * ** Mohammad Sadegh Javidan *** Hossein Zamaniyan Abstract Virtual currency was proposed with the aim of facilitating financial transactions and creating money without the presence of intermediaries and by members of society.
In this article, they first contemplate the value of Bitcoin and cryptocurrencies and have reached the conclusion that, given its characteristics, existing gaps, and the lack of approval by rational people (Uqala), value cannot easily be attributed to it, and since the primary functions of money as pure exchange value are not complete in this cryptocurrency, at present, Bitcoin cannot be recognized as a type of money, and applying the term "currency" to it is a kind of linguistic indulgence (tasamuh) in expression; furthermore, the rational people of society do not consider the transactions based on Bitcoin to have rational and customary causes (sabab), and therefore these transactions will be among the instances of consuming property unjustly (akl al-mal bi al-batil) and the transaction being void due to folly (safah); moreover, price fluctuations in Bitcoin and the unknown and risky nature of this cryptocurrency will make its transactions involve uncertainty (gharar); therefore, considering the other challenges facing transactions with these cryptocurrencies, their validity from a jurisprudential perspective will face problems.
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