چکیده:
The right to life and the prohibition of its deprivation are accepted in Islam and international human rights documents, although different interpretations are seen due to the existence of different theoretical foundations. From the perspective of Islam, the right to life is a divine right granted to mankind, and humans are obligated to preserve it. Preserving the soul is one of the objectives of Sharia, and depriving humans of this divine gift, if done unjustly, is forbidden (Haram). However, in matters such as Jihad, martyrdom operations, self-sacrifice, etc., Muslims are permitted to put their material lives at risk. In such cases, the loss of life is considered valuable and virtuous. This is while in the view of general international human rights documents, the right to life is considered a fundamental, absolute, and foundational right for other rights, and is inalienable and non-derogable. From this perspective, life is not viewed as a divine gift. A case study of suicide operations in the two aforementioned perspectives shows that since humans possess the gift of the right to life, this type of operation, which is generally against innocent people, is considered prohibited. Of course, since martyrdom and liberation operations differ in nature and content from suicide operations, they are exempt in this regard.
خلاصه ماشینی:
The Right to Life and its Deprivation from the Perspective of Islam and International Human Rights With an emphasis on suicide operations Mohsen Mohammadi Al-Mouti Mahmoud Jalali Mehdi Shoushtari 1 Abstract The right to life and the prohibition of its deprivation are accepted in Islam and international human rights documents, although different interpretations are seen in this regard due to the existence of different theoretical foundations.
In a short comparison between Islamic and Western anthropological foundations, from the perspective of Islam, life is a divine gift and the right to life is guaranteed for all humans; separating any soul from the body without a legal requirement (Sharia necessity) is not permissible, and preserving the continuation of human life is obligatory as long as God wills, whether it be an individual's protection of their own life against the aggression of others, or against themselves (such as suicide), or their protection of the lives of others.
Through this path, this fundamental question is also raised: Based on the theoretical foundations, what is the status of the subject of suicide operations regarding the right to life and its deprivation in Islam and international human rights documents?
From the perspective of general international human rights documents, life is not viewed as a gift from God. Likewise, from this viewpoint, life only encompasses material and physical living, and the criminal laws based on it mostly consider punishments that lead to the deprivation of this right to be incorrect.
(
, 
, 
)
