چکیده:
Today, in Islamic societies, the importance of a sharia-based evaluation of banking is recognized more than ever. As a result, many Islamic countries have formed sharia supervision committees and compiled the necessary regulations to determine the duties, responsibilities, and functions of these committees. In Iran, also, in 2022, it was decided to set independent sharia supervisors in banks. What is important is the quantification of the short-term and long-term effects of this presence on the performance of the country's banks. In this article a dummy variable has been defined for sharia supervision, and the criteria of equipping and allocating resources, asset quality, and health rating are used to measure banks' performances. The ARDL model has been used to estimate short-term and long-term relationships. The article's most important findings indicate a negative and significant relationship between sharia supervision and resource allocation and banks' health rating in the short term, and a positive and significant long-term one. Also, sharia supervision does not affect the quality of assets in the short term, but it does have a positive and significant effect in the long term. Hence, in the long run, sharia supervision can reduce the ratio of non-performing loans to total loans.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Shariah governance acts as a general control system that ensures all transactions and activities of Islamic financial institutions and banks comply with Shariah principles (Karbhari & Haridan, Hassan, 2018).
The structure of the article is as follows: in the second section, the literature related to the functions, duties, responsibilities, and importance of Shariah supervision is stated; in the third section, empirical studies regarding the impact of the existence of a Shariah supervisory committee on bank performance are reviewed.
In accordance with the governance standard of the Accounting and Auditing Organization for Islamic Financial Institutions 1, it has been stated that the Shariah Supervisory Board is responsible for conducting audits before and after banking operations, which enables it to justify to what extent the performance of the Islamic financial institution complies with the principles of Shariah.
In this regard, Rahman & Bukair1 (2013) and Musleh Alsartawi2 (2019) have examined the relationship between the composition of the Shariah supervisory board and the performance of Islamic banks in the countries of the Persian Gulf region.
The results of the study indicate a significant negative relationship between the composition of the Shariah supervisory board and the performance of Islamic banks.
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