چکیده:
Among the views regarding the caliphate and imamate as one of the most challenging issues in Islam, the opinions of Shah Waliullah Dehlawi, one of the most important Sunni Muslim theorists of the Indian subcontinent, hold a special position due to his specific innovations. In the field of caliphate and imamate, Dehlawi, by providing a new definition, considered it a communal obligation (wajib kifayah) and then, in line with the Imamiye, albeit with different reasons, considers the caliphate and imamate to be among the principles of religion. However, numerous objections and criticisms are leveled against his views; for example, his definition does not encompass all the religious duties of the caliph; furthermore, restricting it to a communal obligation is contrary to the view of the majority of Sunnis and aligns with the Salafis. On the other hand, although his belief in placing this issue among the principles of religion agrees with the Imamiye, his evidence and arguments lack a scientific character, but rather contain many contradictions, and most of his views are preceded by a history that contradicts his claims.
خلاصه ماشینی:
In the field of Caliphate and Imamate, Dehlawi, by providing a new definition, considers it a communal obligation (wajib kifayi) and subsequently, in alignment with the Imami school, albeit for different reasons, regards the Caliphate and Imamate as part of the principles of religion (usul al-din).
Shah Waliullah Dehlawi, Imamate, Principles of Religion, Communal Obligation, Innovation Introduction One of the important doctrinal issues and the most challenging issue among all Islamic schools of thought, which can be said to be the main cause for the emergence of sects into the two main branches of Shia and Sunni, is the issue of Imamate and Caliphate after the Messenger of Allah9.
Second, the belief in the permanent satisfaction of God with the first Muhajireen is inconsistent with verses from the Quran that raise the possibility of the Companions' apostasy and strongly deterred them from such an act; because if God were truly satisfied with them forever and they were certainly destined for Paradise, why did God promised punishment (for example, see: Al-Imran: 144 and Al-Ma'idah: 54); thirdly, according to the verses of the Holy Quran, among the first emigrants were those whom God identified as hypocrites and 'فِی قُلُوبِهِمْ مَرَضٌ'; as stated explicitly in verse 31 of Surah Al-Muddaththir; fourthly, among the first Muhajireen, there are those who are certainly inhabitants of Hell; among these individuals, one can mention the killer of Ammar Yasir, whose name was Abu al-Ghadiya (Ibn Taymiyyah, 1406 AH, Vol. 6: p.
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