چکیده:
The quality of the relationship and the necessity of the companionship of religion and politics in Sasanian era Iran created consequences and implications that, directly or indirectly, were influential in social transformations, historical events, and various social activities of the people of that era. The religious institution and the class of Mobads, as the custodians of spirituality and the beliefs of society, had previously defined a specific worldview and type of interactions and approaches, creating a closed society that, while eliminating opponents and rivals, monopolized the maximum benefit from material and spiritual facilities and talents in the social and economic spheres. The very coercive confrontation of the Mobads with rival social and religious movements and non-aligned religions, and the control over power and wealth resources through the formalization of Zoroastrianism along with the cooperation of the institutions of religion and monarchy in the Sasanian era and the diverse functions of fire temples, to the same extent that this social class benefited, made society vulnerable in its course of development and inclusive justice. This research aims, by using the library research method and integrated analysis of historical data, while utilizing a diverse range of sources, to re-examine the position of the Mobads in Sasanian society and, while focusing on the economic activities and performances of the Mobads, re-examine part of the structure of the Sasanian political and economic system and, from those two, use part of the historical identity and cultural and civil background of the Iranian land in the last period of the ancient era for induction and reasoning. The results indicate that the Mobads, in addition to cultural, social, and religious activities, also had control over a symbolic part of economic activities and through this way, obtained major revenues and influenced the country's economic cycle.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Understanding the pillars of the Sasanian economic structure, despite all the research and studies conducted in recent centuries based on historical data and archaeological discoveries, and also unlike the political, religious, and class structures of that time, is one of the important components in recognizing the ruling system and introducing the elements of collective life and the social history of Iranians in that period, whose undiscovered and unknown points are numerous.
For instance, Sasanian Iranian society had a class system in which various classes had their own specific functions and positions, and the combined performance of the existing set of pillars and organs created a type of political and social structure that, with a specific cohesion and strength, gained the ability to endure for more than four centuries as one of the two great powers of the world at that time.
The Zoroastrian clergy of the Sasanian era were not only opinionated and possessed significant influence in decision-making and measures regarding various actions and reactions to the historical transformations of the people of their time across different levels of private life and the social life of Sasanian society, but also especially in certain periods - when influential clergy emerged and, due to the weakness of the monarchy apparatus, experienced an more unconventional influencing power and, by intensifying religious fanaticism, such as Kartir's treatment of opponents, especially religious minorities and intellectual schools and social sects, increased the intensity significantly - in the dismissal and appointment of kings and the displacement of centers of power, had direct interference and, according to Christensen 1 (1375: 286), the Mobads' possession of the right to dismiss the king was a dangerous weapon that allowed them to implement their partisan goals.
(
, 
, 
)
