چکیده:
Nowadays, religious experience is considered one of the important topics in the philosophy of religion. Schleiermacher saw the themes of sacred books in conflict with reason and human understanding. On this basis, he considered the essence and foundation of religion to be religious experience, which in his view means the feeling of absolute and complete reliance and dependence on a source and power that is distinct from the world. However, his views have been criticized by great figures such as William Alston, Feuerbach, George Lindbeck, MacIntyre, and others. In this research, we become familiar with the nature of religious experience and its various definitions. From the perspective of Ayatollah Beheshti: religion is awareness of the transcendent, and religious experience is finding one's way and devotion to that transcendent matter. He considers religious experience valid for the person who undergoes it and, alongside rational arguments, considers it a reason for proving religious beliefs; he believes that religious experience is not a Western invention and that the soul should not be deprived of this bountiful source. In any case, the view of these two philosophers regarding religious experience is different given the cultural atmosphere of the Islamic and Christian worlds, because the school of Islam, unlike Christianity, places great importance on thought and reasoning. In this article, the views of these two philosophers regarding religious experience have been examined and analyzed.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Based on this, he considered the essence and foundation of religion to be religious experience, which in his view means the feeling of absolute and complete reliance and dependence on a source and power that is distinct from the world.
Schleiermacher established a completely modern approach to religion and considered the basis of religion and religiosity to be religious experience; from his perspective, religious experience is not a rational or epistemological experience, but rather the feeling of absolute and complete reliance and dependence on a source and power that is distinct from the world.
Comparison of the views of the two philosophers regarding religion First, we proceed to compare the views of the two philosophers, namely Schleiermacher and His Eminence Ayatollah Beheshti, regarding religious experience, and we examine the similarities and differences in their views.
This view seems to be completely extremist and excessive regarding religious experience; however, Professor Beheshti, while emphasizing the acceptance of religious experience, considers it valid for the person who attains it and says: We believe that religion itself has instilled religious experience, and fortunately, we have living evidence of religious experience in authoritative religious texts.
Professor Beheshti's view toward religious experience is a completely moderate one, and unlike Schleiermacher, he does not consider religious experience to be the essence and foundation of religion and does not believe that in all cases religious teachings, rituals, and rites arise from religious experience and are, in a sense, an interpretation of experience; rather, he considers religious experience to be valid for the person who attains it.
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