چکیده:
The subject of justice has long been a focus of attention for various societies and thinkers of different human and divine schools. In Islam, discussions regarding justice among theologians of different sects began with the discussion of divine justice and gradually expanded its scope to reach the topics of social and political justice. This article, while examining the various dimensions of social and political justice in Islam, attempts to pursue this concept through three approaches—jurisprudential, philosophical, and sociological—among contemporary Muslim thinkers. In this regard, the views of three thinkers who have paid attention to this concept in their works are significant. To this end, the opinions of Allameh Mirza Hossein Na'ini from a jurisprudential perspective, Ayatollah Morteza Motahhari from a philosophical perspective, and Dr. Ali Shariati from a sociological perspective will be examined. What is noteworthy in this study is the effort to find axes in the discussion of justice that allow for a comparative examination for the reader. For this purpose, the philosophical, social, and sociological principles of justice are emphasized, and different facets of justice (political, social, economic, and philosophical) are identified and introduced accordingly.
خلاصه ماشینی:
5-53 Political and Social Justice in Three Approaches: Jurisprudential, Philosophical, and Sociological Dr. Nasser Jamalzadeh*/Date Received: 2002/11/01 Date Accepted: 2002/03/21 Abstract The subject of justice has long been a concern for various societies and thinkers of different human and divine schools of thought.
5 Regarding the importance of the subject of justice in divine religions, it is enough that God in the Holy Quran has stated that the purpose of sending prophets is to establish justice in society: "لقد ارسلنا بالبینات و انزلنا معهم الکتاب و المیزان لیقوم الناس بالقسط" (Al-Hadid: 52) and the honorable Prophet of Islam, Muhammad (PBUH) has called justice the scale and balance of God on earth, where he said: «العدل میزان اللّ?ه فی الارض» (Nouri, 1889, Vol. 11, p.
Ayatollah Motahhari believes that the justice used in the Holy Quran has a special place in every field; for example, where it is used regarding monotheism and resurrection, it considers ontological justice and is a worldview; and where it relates to prophethood, legislation, and law, it presents legislative justice and is a "scale and criterion" of jurisprudence, and like reason, it is considered among the sources of jurisprudence and deduction alongside the Book and Sunnah; in the political sphere, where it relates to imamate and the leadership of society, justice means the "competence and qualification" of the leader in government; and when ethics are mentioned, justice is a "human ideal"; and finally, when we speak of social justice, it is a "responsibility" (Motahhari, 1372, p.
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