چکیده:
After the onslaught of colonialism, the Islamic world faced an invasion of Western ideas, the formation of Westernized currents, and ultimately the establishment of modern states—which were, of course, dependent on and subjugated to Western colonizers. These states, through the influx of Western ideas and thoughts—which were implemented without practical scrutiny—and with the aim of modernizing society and what they considered development and progress, pursued fundamental changes in their traditional societies. In this regard, they identified the religious institution as the most important obstacle to societal modernization and sought to control and limit it. Within this sphere, the present article attempts, by studying the country of Egypt and centering on the question 'What are the religious policies of the modern Egyptian state towards the religious institution?', to examine the hypothesis that 'the formation of the modern state in Egypt and its modernization policies were accompanied by policies to control the religious institution, which ultimately led to the limitation of the political-social power resources of religious social groups and a decrease in their influence and depth of penetration in Egypt, and finally, the religious institution itself became a current subordinate to the modern state.' The present research was written with an institutional approach that studies religion as a rooted institution in interaction with the modern Egyptian state.
خلاصه ماشینی:
com Date of receipt: 2014/12/03 Date of approval: 2014/12/22 Introduction / Egypt, as a large and deeply rooted country with powerful and established religious institutions such as Al-Azhar, Sufism, and the deep roots of Islamism (the Muslim Brotherhood), holds significant importance for studying the relationship between the modern state and religious institutions.
In fact, the most important pillar of traditional society in the Islamic world, and consequently in Egypt, is the institution of religion, whose sphere of influence and impact is intensely widespread and extensive, and the modern state, in order to dominate society and implement renewal ideas, consciously and unconsciously resorts to control policies towards religion.
Within this sphere, the present article attempts, by studying the country of Egypt and focusing on the question "What are the religious policies of the modern Egyptian state towards religious institutions?", to examine the hypothesis that "the formation of the modern state in Egypt and its renewal policies were accompanied by a policy of controlling religious institutions, which ultimately led to the limitation of the socio-political power resources of religious social groups and a reduction in their influence and depth of penetration in Egypt, and finally, the institution of religion was transformed into a current subordinate to the modern state.
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