چکیده:
Hypocrisy (labeling) is a widespread social phenomenon that has been influential in human relations with one another. This phenomenon was also prevalent in the Islamic world. To identify the factors and conditions that facilitate this phenomenon and its consequences, and to receive guidance from the Quran regarding this phenomenon and become familiar with the solutions to confront it from the perspective of the Quran, the verses of this holy book were examined. In this research, using the proposed method in Grounded Theory (GT), Quranic data have been re-examined and analyzed. The achievement of this research suggests the following hypotheses: 1- Arrogance leads to the hypocrisy of divine prophets and heavenly books. 2- In conditions where polytheistic culture prevails, the emergence of prophets and new rituals facilitates the hypocrisy of monotheistic values. 3- Under the dominance of an aristocratic system, the ignorance of the individuals of society leads to the hypocrisy of divine prophets. 4- The worldly and otherworldly consequences of hypocrisy are directly related to the frequency of the phenomenon of hypocrisy. It is suggested: consider applying the above hypotheses and utilize qualitative methods such as Grounded Theory in Quranic and historical studies.
خلاصه ماشینی:
The labelers in this type, in order of frequency, are: relatives, disbelievers, nobles, rulers, polytheists, oppressors, People of the Book, hypocrites, the weak-hearted, sinners, government officials, and women.
The labelers who have used the religious type for labeling, in order of frequency, are: polytheists, People of the Book, disbelievers, relatives, believers, deniers, the affluent, oppressors, nobles, sinners, hypocrites, and the arrogant.
Labelers and Labeled Entities in the Holy Quran Based on Quranic data, 16 groups of labelers can be identified, which are: 1- Relatives, 2- Disbelievers, 3- Rulers, 4- Aristocrats, 5- People of the Book, 6- Polytheists, 7- Oppressors, 8- Deniers, 9- The affluent, 10- Hypocrites, 11- Believers, 12- Sinners, 13- The soft-hearted, 14- Women, 15- Government officials, 16- The arrogant.
Based on Quranic data, 8 groups of labeled entities can be identified, which are: 1- Prophets, 2- The unseen (ghayb), 3- Heavenly books, 4- Believers, 5- Women, 6- Magicians, 7- Merchants, 8- New Muslims.
Using the information from Table number 10, from 244 labeling cases extracted from Quranic verses, the labeled entities in order of frequency are: 1- Prophets 59%, 2- The unseen 25%, 3- Heavenly books 12%, 4- Believers 2%, 5- Women 1%, 6- Magicians 1%, 7- Merchants, 8- New Muslims.
In response to the third question, "Which groups have been targets of hypocrisy?" it can be said: Based on Table No. 10, these groups in descending order of frequency are: 1- Prophets 59%, 2- The Unseen 25%, 3- Divine books 12%, 4- Believers 2%, 5- Women 1%, 6- Magicians 1%, 7- Merchants, 8- New Muslims.
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