چکیده:
The objectives of the Holy Prophet's battles (Ghazawat and Saraya) is an issue that has attracted the attention of Orientalists, who have created many works on it. Most Orientalists consider the objectives of the Holy Prophet's wars to be material and in line with primitive warfare, looting, and the political and economic dominance of the Prophet over others. This writing, after reporting a classified view of Orientalists, examines their perspective from the viewpoint of the Holy Quran as a roadmap for the Great Prophet and provides three reasons for the defensive nature of the law of Jihad in Islam, proving the inconsistency of Orientalists' views with the teachings of the Quran. These three reasons are: limiting the reinforcement of military forces and war facilities to the defense of the entity of Islam and Muslims; restricting the command of Jihad to warring and hostile disbelievers; and the obligation of peaceful coexistence with the People of the Book and non-hostile polytheists.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Some of them, through a fair examination of historical documents and sources, have presented relatively acceptable analyses and considered the wars of the era of the Holy Prophet to be a necessity for the survival of Islam and Muslims; however, many of them have interpreted and analyzed the objectives of the Prophet's wars as material, motivated by violence and the acquisition of spoils.
1. Providing for the life and livelihood of Muslims Some Orientalists consider Jihad to be a solution that the Holy Prophet provided to save his followers from poverty and hardship: The author of the article "The Prophet of Islam" in the Americana Encyclopedia writes about this: Muhammad 9 soon faced the necessity of providing a livelihood for his followers who had fled from Mecca and were now called Muhajirun, as well as the new Muslims who were called Ansar (helpers) in Medina.
2. Prohibition of war with non-aggressors The Holy Quran, in numerous verses, has restricted the command of Jihad against disbelievers to those who fight against Muslims.
Furthermore, the defensive nature of Jihad in Islam was proven through three Quranic reasons; namely, the limitation of strengthening military forces and war capabilities to the defense of the existence of Islam and Muslims; the restriction of the command for Jihad against disbelievers to combatants and those hostile to them; and the obligation of peaceful coexistence with the People of the Book and non-hostile polytheists.
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