چکیده:
The principle of non-refoulement is one of the most fundamental principles of international refugee law and human rights, based on which no state is permitted to return an individual to a territory where they face threats to life, torture, political persecution, or other forms of cruel and inhuman treatment. This principle is established as the backbone of the international refugee protection system in the 1951 Geneva Convention, the 1967 Protocol, and many regional and global international documents. The importance of this principle stems from the fact that it is the most effective tool for ensuring the preservation of the lives and dignity of refugees, and its proper implementation is considered a measure of humanity and the commitment of states to international values. In this article, using an analytical-descriptive approach, the concept and background of the principle of non-refoulement, its position in the international legal system, its connection to the right to asylum, its scope and exceptions, and also the practical challenges of implementing this principle in contemporary conditions such as mass migrations, national security, terrorism, and state control policies are examined. Additionally, efforts have been made to explain the role of international institutions such as the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), international courts, and regional organizations in ensuring compliance with this principle. Finally, by reviewing procedural examples and the situation of countries, solutions for strengthening refugee protection mechanisms and ensuring the actual implementation of the principle of non-refoulement are provided. This research attempts to show that the principle of non-refoulement is not only a binding legal rule but also a moral-humanitarian obligation, the invalidity or weakening of which could have widespread and destructive consequences for the global community and international security.
خلاصه ماشینی:
com Abstract The principle of non-refoulement is one of the most fundamental principles of international refugee law and human rights, based on which no state is permitted to return an individual to a country's territory where they face threats to life, torture, political persecution, or other forms of cruel and inhuman treatment.
In this article, using an analytical-descriptive approach, the concept and background of the principle of non-refoulement, its position in the international legal system, its connection to the right to asylum, its scope, and its exceptions, as well as the practical challenges of implementing this principle in contemporary conditions such as mass migrations, national security, terrorism, and state control policies are examined.
Despite the fact that international human rights law and international refugee law have expanded significantly in recent decades, today's global crises—including regional wars, the emergence of terrorist groups, the intensification of political repression, and at the same time, the tightening of countries' immigration policies—have demonstrated the importance of the precise implementation of the principle of non-refoulement more than ever.
Its duties include: Monitoring the behavior of states Providing official interpretations regarding the scope and exceptions of the principle Providing legal and financial assistance to refugees Establishing support frameworks in crisis-stricken areas Supporting asylum seekers during judicial proceedings and case reviews UNHCR has always emphasized that "non-refoulement is one of the non-negotiable principles in international refugee protection.
(
, 
, 
)
