چکیده:
Given the importance we attribute to human understanding of a text, we address this very issue. Human understanding of a text can vary, and it is through understanding that many of our beliefs are formed; when we understand and examine something, in the next stage, we decide whether or not to adhere to it. Based on this, humans have debated this issue and reached conclusions regarding how the process of understanding fundamentally occurs and what results it produces. In this article, we become acquainted with how humans understand a phenomenon or a text, and since the understanding of religious knowledge and propositions depends on human understanding, examining the theories proposed regarding human understanding becomes important. Initially, after discussing important hermeneutic concepts, the importance and history of hermeneutics are discussed, and this secondary perspective will lead to a better understanding of the topics. Before entering the discussion of philosophical hermeneutics, various types of hermeneutics are mentioned so that the position of philosophical hermeneutics is better recognized; after identifying the types of hermeneutics, we proceed to a deeper understanding of philosophical hermeneutics, and after a complete understanding of this type of hermeneutics, we will subject it to critique, in which we present seven critiques for it in this article.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Criticism and Review of the Evidences of Philosophical Hermeneutics Mohammad Akhoundi 1 Scientific Advisor: Professor Saleh Javadi Abstract Given the importance we attribute to human understanding of a text, we address this subject for this very reason.
For this reason, it must be mentioned that Dilthey was also seeking to continue Schleiermacher's path and, in practice, he himself stopped in the field of methodology and tried to introduce general rules to achieve objective understanding, based on the belief in the possibility of objective understanding; however, his concerns practically and unintentionally provided the ground for philosophical hermeneutics.
Classical and romantic hermeneuticists sought to formulate logical rules and methods for understanding works as well as examining issues related to understanding and interpretation; but in philosophical hermeneutics, of which Heidegger is considered the main founder, the definition of hermeneutics, hermeneutic components, and also hermeneutic perspectives were presented in complete opposition to classical and romantic hermeneutics.
Regarding the first commonality, like Heidegger, he believed in opposition to methodological perspectives – which considered hermeneutics a tool and method for correct understanding – that the main mission of hermeneutics is the philosophical explanation of understanding itself, as a manifestation of the mode of human existence.
Gadamer rejects this view and considers understanding to be like a two-way dialogue; in this way, the interpreter's preconceptions first shape the domain in which the text can have meaning.
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