چکیده:
Artificial intelligence is key to the dynamic future of international law. It seems that international security and international relations are new attractions for artificial intelligence innovations and application programs. Among all human behavioral spectrums, politics is perhaps the most difficult behavior to automate. Politics is inherently a complex matter that reflects the complexity of human behavior both as an individual and in social dimensions. This complexity seems much more real at the level of international relations. In the near future, with the emergence of human-level artificial intelligence, it seems far-fetched to be able to call it general artificial intelligence. Even if progress in this field is faster than predictions, there is significant resistance to the idea of transferring responsibility to machines. Today, this can be observed especially in discussions related to unmanned vehicles and robotic weapon systems. Therefore, a global prediction in which political decision-making elements are by machines in their entirety, without having a conception of a completely different intelligent future world, is very difficult. The use of artificial intelligence in space missions leads to improved efficiency and operational accuracy. This technology is capable of making faster and better decisions in complex space conditions. Also, the use of intelligent space vehicles can reduce life risks and help humans deal with space limitations. In this research, we have examined the international law dimensions of using artificial intelligence in space technologies.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Abstract: Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Space Technology, International Law Introduction: Artificial intelligence and its important sub-branches, such as machine learning and deep learning, are considered the hottest research areas today, and it can be said that most individuals in the business sector have turned to the use of intelligent tools to advance their goals.
The objectives of the Toronto Declaration, based on the international human rights framework and emphasizing the responsibility of public and private sector actors regarding machine learning technologies, artificial intelligence, and broader data systems, provide assurance; meanwhile, the United Nations has begun holding and forming working groups under the Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons to define the legality of the deployment and expansion of the use of autonomous weapons.
Since the issue of state supervision over space activities and compensation for damages has been defined in international space law, and the responsibility to prevent international wrongful acts is established based on Article 6 and the responsibility for compensation is based on Article 7 of the Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies (Outer Space Treaty 1967), which requires a link between lack of care and damages resulting from human behavior, the question arises that the responsibility for supervising the activities of space actors, including private actors, can be specified and determined based on these regulations, while human behavior becomes diminished or completely ineffective due to artificial intelligence decision-making; generally, the development of artificial intelligence in space technologies currently faces a lack of enforceable international regulations and is still within the framework of "law hard" and "soft law" of space have not been explicitly and directly examined; "soft law" of space, which has played a significant role in regulating space activities in recent years, has not provided regulations or guidelines for dealing with states regarding the establishment of responsibility in the face of using artificial intelligence in space technologies.
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