چکیده:
The phenomenon of infanticide has been presented as one of the rituals of Jahiliyyah before Islam. The people of Jahiliyyah sometimes sacrificed their children to get closer to the gods, such as Nahar or Wadd. Therefore, the main root of female infanticide can be considered this issue. In all types of sacrifices, the issue of shedding blood was present. However, 'Wad al-Banat' was a ritual derived from other religions and peoples of the Arabian Peninsula, including the Semites; it was a type of sacrifice performed by burying alive. In the Holy Quran, there are two categories of verses regarding the killing of children: the first category: verses that express the killing of children in an absolute sense, and the second category: verses that explicitly refer to the burying alive of girls. Surah Al-An'am verse 151 and Surah Al-Isra verse 31 introduce 'Imlaq' as infanticide. Initially, 'Imlaq' led to the killing of offspring regardless of whether they were boys or girls; however, gradually, due to reasons such as the fear of girls being taken captive in wars and the fact that boys are the providers of living expenses, 'Imlaq' became associated with 'Wad al-Banat'. Historical texts have also examined four axes: the history and geographical scope of 'female infanticide', the struggle against female infanticide, whether the low view of girls was general or specific, and have referred to other issues such as: Tabanni (adoption) and Khali' (expulsion/outcast). In this article, the method of data collection is library-based and the research method is descriptive-analytical. It seeks to examine the verses of the Quran and the topics raised in historical texts regarding infanticide before Islam in the Arabian Peninsula and to present their validity or invalidity with strong and practical reasons, to clarify these issues: Did the pre-Islamic Arabs only bury girls alive, or did they also kill boys? Is the phenomenon of 'Wad al-Banat' and 'Qatl al-Awlad' the same? And what are the factors and motives for infanticide in Jahiliyyah from the perspective of the Quran, commentators, and historians.
خلاصه ماشینی:
It follows up on the verses of the Quran and the discussions raised in historical texts regarding infanticide before Islam in the Arabian Peninsula and presents their validity or invalidity with strong and practical evidence to clarify these issues: Did the pre-Islamic Arabs only bury girls alive, or did they also kill boys?
Introduction One of the ugly and invalid customs of the pre-Islamic Arabs was infanticide, which the Quran has mentioned regarding the burying alive of girls during the Jahiliyyah era, considering their judgment concerning girls to be bad and incorrect, dealing strictly with this issue and introducing it as a great sin.
The Quran has attributed this harsh behavior of theirs to the sanctification of religious rituals and the intense attachment of polytheists to idols, or due to the fear of poverty and destitution, reminding that your sustenance and that of your children is the responsibility of God. Historical sources have also reported the burying alive of girls shortly before Islam in that era, which existed to a limited extent among the Arab tribes.
In this research, through a general discussion, the historical roots of infanticide, wa'd al-banat, and qatl al-awlad are referred to, and then the Quranic perspective regarding 27 the burying alive of girls and the killing of boys, the view of commentators regarding the phenomenon of wa'd al-banat and qatl al-awlad, and the view of historians regarding the factors and motives of infanticide before Islam have been examined and introduced.
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