چکیده:
Iran possesses many historical monuments made of adobe and mud due to its ancient nature. Additionally, in many rural areas of the country, the construction of buildings using adobe and mud continues. Since our country is located in a seismically active region and adobe and mud do not have significant resistance against lateral forces, we occasionally witness earthquakes in the country and the loss of our fellow citizens. In this article, it has been attempted to help the stability of adobe structures through methods that are mostly accompanied by architectural changes in adobe structures, such as adding muscles or buttresses to the exterior of outer walls, adding tensile elements to the roof, etc. After performing all analytical stages, it was determined that the use of some of the mentioned methods can significantly reduce stresses and displacements and improve the performance of adobe structures.
خلاصه ماشینی:
The presence of straw causes the soil particles to bond together, and the small stones increase the strength of the adobe so that it can withstand greater pressure under the compressive loads of the building.
It would be noteworthy if, in the courses of the plinth, vertical stones in individual and long shapes are used as "double nails," and if we use the trunks of resistant trees that have been bitumen-smoked for the "double" plinth and adobe skeleton, we can achieve a good connection and bond against ground movements and light earthquakes.
Considering the methods mentioned in this article and the results of the analyses obtained, several points can be identified: a) Increasing the thickness of adobe structures can cause a reduction in displacements and stresses.
Suggestions for future research work Given the research conducted in the field of improving the architecture of adobe structures, it seems that performing some of the following items in future works is necessary: Models with the addition of muscle and buttress In Iranian architecture, in some regions, to support long walls, walls with a triangular cross-section that are perpendicular to the main wall have been used; these walls are located on the outer part of the walls and do not occupy the internal space.
(Refer to the page image) Research Method In conducting this research, the researcher, through field investigation, study of historical documents, and old photographs, investigated the changes in the rural fabric after earthquakes over time and the field identification of adobe and mud buildings in Shark village (Refer to the page image) 2- Models with tensile elements In most arches built in ancient times, to create stability and also to make construction easier, beams were used on both sides of the arch supports.
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