چکیده:
The destructive environmental effects of roads are not limited only to the construction and maintenance phase. Motor vehicles that use these roads can also cause problems such as noise pollution caused by traffic, reduction in air quality, dust, destruction and pollution of natural water resources, and also cause the loss of landscapes and soil erosion. The destructive environmental effects of roads are not limited only to the construction and maintenance phase. Since in today's world people have become heavily dependent on cars for transportation, roads have increased. This large network of roads has significantly changed landscapes and can have destructive effects on wildlife. In addition to the risk of mortality, roads can be one of the sources of environmental pollution. Studying the environmental effects of roads is one of the important fields of environmental science studies. Because the impact of roads often extends beyond the surface of the road itself. Environmental impact assessment is a systematic review of the positive and negative effects on the physical, biological, social, and economic environment resulting from a proposed project. Environmental impact assessment serves as a tool to reduce the effects and consequences of various activities on the environment in order to achieve sustainable development. With the help of this tool, the various effects of human activities on the environment can be examined in two phases: construction and operation, and finally, by employing appropriate management solutions, these effects on the environment can be reduced. Since road construction is also one of the major activities of the country and is considered one of the main sources of damage to the environment, prior to any road construction project, an environmental impact assessment of that project is mandatory. All roads have effects on the environment. The construction phase is the most sensitive stage in this regard, and it is necessary to take the required actions to reduce the resulting environmental effects. In fact, before the construction phase, the sources and pathways of pollutant movement must be identified, and an environmental impact assessment for the construction of the said road must be conducted.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Factors affecting road construction on the urban environment include pollution, types of pollution and how to control them, urban sewage and its management, waste and how it is collected and recycled, parks and green spaces, urban furniture, natural factors, urban population, safe drinking water, development of non-motorized transport, impact on life, and animals.
With the advancement of human civilization, road construction, technological development, and the increasing population, the world is currently facing a problem called air and land pollution, which threatens the lives of the inhabitants of the Earth, such that in every country, environmental protection is a serious concern for policymakers.
These activities are mainly in the form of road construction, settlement, and urban development programs that humans create for their own benefit; in this way, environmental planning must ultimately neutralize the negative effects of these facilities and activities on the natural environment.
Therefore: specifically paying attention to environmental studies and management methods for implementing civil projects in Tehran, as one of the most effective tools on the path to achieving urban sustainable development, is considered essential before feasibility and assessment.
Conducting environmental impact assessments for projects is one of the acceptable ways to achieve sustainable development goals and can be placed at the disposal of managers, planners, and decision-makers as a planning tool, so that based on it, the potential environmental effects that appear as a result of implementing construction and industrial projects can be identified and addressed through various options.
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