چکیده:
The present article generally analyzes Arsacid and Sassanid judicial and legal systems. At first, the writer draws a picture of Parthian judicial system, using a few remaining information from this era. Thereafter, explains judicial procedure, standing to sue and its process in Sassanid courts, leaning on remaining sources from Sassanid era and Pahlavi texts of Islamic period. After that, he expands the public prosecution and the duty of attorney general and also, some laws around women, slaves, nomads and religious minorities. Moreover, he pays attention to different kinds of lawyers, their job description, their salary, plus, rules concerning of changing layers during the trial. At the end, the writer introduces the officials with judicial power such as the king, mōbedān mōbed, mōbeds, rads, lawyers, judges, frēzwān, warder, kōy-bān, and explains their function and the duties of every one of them based on remaining Pahlavi texts.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Then, relying on the remaining sources from the Sasanian period and Pahlavi texts of the Islamic era, the author describes the judicial process of filing a lawsuit in Sasanian courts and its stages.
Furthermore, it addresses the various types of lawyers, their duties, their rights, and the laws concerning the replacement of a lawyer during the proceedings Public relations manager of Mardomnameh Institute - The present article is a translation of: “Parthian and Sasanian Judicial Systems”, Iranica Encyclopedia, Vol. XV, Fasc.
Despite this, the aforementioned story testifies to the fact that the Parthian kings, in specific cases, probably such as crimes against the state that were deserving of the death penalty, [personally] presided over the court Philostratus Nemesis would conduct.
2, 25-26) carefully recorded the identity and physical characteristics of the parties and the competence of The author in the original text has mentioned the Persian equivalent of the technical legal terms of the Sasanian period alongside the English translation of the word, which has been quoted in quotation marks in the present translation.
Such rigorous public prosecution was carried out by order of Wehshapur, the Mobadan-Mobad Khosrow Anushirvan (531-579 AD), who, in his capacity as Attorney General 3 , was responsible for holding inquisitorial courts in cases related to the commission of crimes Public Prosecution Public Prosecutor Attorney General against God, "yazdān dushmanīeh", rebellion against the king, "xwaday dushmanīeh", breach of contract, "mihrdrōzīeh", apostasy, "ahlāmōqīeh" and religious unbelief, "anāšt-gōwīšnīeh", which its process had to be recorded and a memorandum or "ayādagar" related to it prepared (Mādayān, pt.
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