چکیده:
Surrealism is one the literary schools that began at the beginning of 20th century in Europe and France and found its way to other nation’s literature including Persian literature and had a great impact on them. In Iran, the poetic movements known as "Moj-E No" (translates in English as “New wave”) and "Hajm-Gara" have been influenced by this school more than other contemporary poetic movements. The aim of the present study is to investigate the historical and social performance of the school of Surrealism and the influence of the poems of Paul Éluard, a French poet, on Fereydoun Rahnama, an Iranian poet. With the method of content analysis and comparative approach, this article first takes a brief look at the surrealism movement and the principles of this literary school and as a result shows that Fereydoun Rahnama is interested in classical Iranian literature such as Ferdowsi's Shahnameh and Beyhaqi's works and etc., combines the surrealist school with the style of these texts and opens a new path for poets of new form of poetry, “new wave” and volume in contemporary Iranian literature, including Nima Yoshij, etc.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Keywords: Surrealism, Surrealist school, Paul Éluard, Fereydun Rahnama, Ahmad Shaml; Persian “She’r-E N” (translates in English as “New poetry”) Abstract: Surrealism is one of the literary movements that emerged at the beginning of the 20th century in France and Europe, found its way into the literatures of other nations, including Persian literature, and influenced them.
Namjouyan (2012) in a thesis titled "The Influence of Translating Surrealist Works of Some French Poets (Paul Éluard, Jacques Prévert) on Ahmad Shamlou's White Poetry" showed that by studying Shamlou's translations and demonstrating the effects of translating Western poetry into his poems in the Persian language, it can be concluded that translation has enriched Persian poetry and, by opening new intellectual windows, has rescued it from wandering.
As was observed, no background article was found that clearly shows the influence of Paul Éluard on Fereydun Rahnama, and the innovation of this research lies in the fact that Paul Éluard and Fereydun Rahnama are two poets from opposite sides of the contemporary world who, with a global perspective, each engaged in breaking molds to create form and content, and have been able to be pioneers of a new style with modern forms and themes, influencing contemporary poetry in the French and Persian languages and literatures.
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