چکیده:
The expansion of the range of benefits of self-propelled marine vessels simultaneously with the development of technology and related knowledge has increased the need of governments and actors active in the maritime field to develop and formulate rules and regulations about this maritime tool. On the other hand, the unknown area of responsibility of self-driving vessels for violating international rules has increased the necessity of identifying the legal regime of this instrument in the realm of international law of the seas. Therefore, in this research, which was carried out in a descriptive-analytical method along with a field study, in addition to the legal definition of marine self-propelled vessels, the basic question has been raised that the basis of assigning responsibility to self-propelled marine vessels is based on what element? In this context, it was found that the legal regime of self-propelled marine vessels is different depending on the purpose and operations defined for this tool on the one hand and whether the self-propelled vessels are "under the surface" or "on the surface" on the other hand, and in line with the explanation of this legal structure The role of the International Maritime Safety Organization is very key. It was also found that the international responsibility for compensating the possible damages resulting from the activity of this category of vessels is of the type of "responsibility for internationally prohibited actions" and is based on the level of control and autonomy of this tool from the ability to be extended to the operator, owner or controller of this tool. It looks distinct.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Legal Regime of Maritime Autonomous Vehicles from the Perspective of International Law Hadi Masoudifar1 / Fatemeh Naeimi Shamel 2 * Article Type: Research / Date Received: 2023/09/01 / Date Accepted: 2023/11/16 Abstract The expansion of the spectrum of utilizing maritime autonomous vessels, coinciding with the development of related technology and knowledge, has increased the need of states and active actors in the field of navigation to develop and formulate laws and regulations regarding this maritime tool.
10 1-2- Legal regime of maritime autonomous vehicles from a commercial-economic perspective The Maritime Safety Committee 1 in 2017, referring to commercial transport and the existing necessities in reducing costs related to the trade of goods via sea, decided to conduct a "regulatory scoping exercise for the use of Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS)" 2.
Therefore, one of the important international legal documents in order to demarcate between economic and military criteria in the construction of maritime transport vehicles is the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea 1 adopted in 1974, known as (SOLAS), which is dedicated to drafting standards for the equipment, construction, and operation of ships.
However, it seems that the maritime safety committee intends to expand the revision of internal rules and approaches regarding autonomous vessels in the first step: by identifying the application of these vessels in the field of commercial-economic activities and applying criteria related to reducing the cost of goods trade through the use of autonomous vessels and optimizing human resources, and in the second step: by creating regional conventions to draft new maritime and autonomous navigation protocols.
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