چکیده:
Pahlavi language is the ancestor of New Persian and the language itself is descended from Old Persian. The language has been the official language of the two Iranian dynasties for hundreds of years and even a millennium. Pahlavi has a very difficult script since each character has various values. Zoroastrian middle Persian has ten vowels: i، ī، (e)، ē، a، ā، (o)، ō، u، and it is not obvious whether “e” and “o” were phonemes.The character “’” has some values as vowels and consonants and in this paper, the vowel value is studied. It can be rendered short “a” and long “a” in the initial, medial and final positions. We will show that it does not always render long “a” however sometimes it points to mater lectiones and must be rendered as short “a”.In the initial position with a low frequency it is long “a” and in the medial position with a high frequency is long “a”. In the final position it is always rendered as long “a”. we have tried to investigate all the words having the above-mentioned featured however surely some have been ignored. First off the proper nouns have been studied and then it was done for all the words following the same pattern. One thing which was comparable to New Persian was the words having two spellings.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Reading of the grapheme " " in the Sasanian Pahlavi script Amir Zamani 1 Mahya Ali Khani Abstract Pahlavi language, as the ancestor of the Persian language which for nearly a millennium was the official language of two Iranian dynasties, the Parthian and Sasanian, has ten vowels, which are: i, ̄i, e( ), ̄e, a, ̄a, o( ), ̄o, u, ̄u; of course, it cannot be said with certainty whether "e" and "o" were independent phonemes or not.
Keywords: Pahlavi language, grapheme, phoneme, syllable, Pahlavi spelling 1-Introduction The Pahlavi language, or Middle Persian, was for nearly a millennium the official language of two Iranian dynasties, the Parthian and Sasanian.
Gēstāg Ābālīsh, Gab. Gēstāg hāy-i Zādasparm, WZ Pahlavi Rivāyat, PR Dādastān-i Minawī Xrad, MX Īdāgar-i Zarīrān, AZ Nāmehāy-i Manūčahr, NM Māh-i Farvardīn Rūz-i Xordād, MFRX Ardwāyīr Nāmah, AWN Wujardkard-i Dēnīg, WD Zand Bahman Yasn, ZWY Šakanag Gāmānīg Wizār, ŠGW Rivāyat-i Āzar Farnbag Farxazādān, RAF Dēnkarad, DK Andarz-i Dastūrān be Behdinān, HDW Xosrow Qabādān o Rīdgan, HKR Mādiyān-i Hezār Dādastān, MHD Šāyist nā Šāyist, ŠnŠ Andarz-i Behzād Farax Pīrūz, HWFP Personal connection with, pc 1-1- Research Background Regarding the Pahlavi script, orthography, and transcription, many books have been published in Iran and throughout the world, each addressing the spelling of graphemes and their phonetic values.
Amir Zamani also, in 1393 SH, translated Shahrour's book "A Preface to the Pahlavi Language" into Persian, which in each lesson refers to the characteristics and difficulties of each grapheme 1 has been mentioned (for more information, see bibliography).
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