چکیده:
The lack of a comprehensive index to measure the changes in human capital in various dimensions of the quantity and quality of education in the country has caused educational planners and policy makers to face a lack of information for planning the country's education. This research was inspired by the model of making composite indicators published by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD, 2008) and consulting with fifteen academic professors in the field of human capital. Based on the theoretical foundations, a Likert scale questionnaire was designed. After performing Cronbach's alpha test to evaluate the reliability of the research, the composite indicators of human capital of education type were weighed in two contexts of quantity and quality. Using the available statistical data, 18 indicators related to the quantity and quality of human capital of the education type for the period 2010-2017 were selected. The data were normalized and weighted using multiple criteria decision analysis and SWARA method and were aggregated by arithmetic method. Finally, the results of measuring the comprehensive index of human capital in the form of education by quantity and quality are presented which has the ability to investigate the causes of its increase and decrease, in the form of indicators of quantity and quality. The results showed that the quality of human capital has not grown in proportion to its quantity and has even decreased in some years, which indicates the government's lack of attention to improving the quality of education in the country.
خلاصه ماشینی:
In this research, inspired by the composite index construction model published by the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and also through consultation with fifteen expert university professors in the field of human capital, and relying on theoretical foundations and the design of a questionnaire using the Likert scale, and after the Cronbach's alpha test to evaluate the reliability of the research, the components of human capital of the education type were weighted in two domains: quantity and quality.
Using available statistical data, 18 indices related to the quantity and quality of human capital of the education type for the period 1389-1396 were selected, then the data were normalized and weighted using multi-criteria decision analysis and the SWARA method, and finally aggregated using an arithmetic method.
In empirical studies, economists have also used one or more proxies such as enrollment rates in different educational levels, average years of schooling of employees, household expenditure on education, firm expenditure on employee training, and average wages to measure the quantity and quality of education; in these cases too, the used indices do not possess the necessary comprehensiveness and only consider one or two specific aspects of education.
Among the most important multivariate decision-making analysis methods, one can mention TOPSIS 41, Taxonomy 42, Simple Additive Weighting 43, Electre 44, Weighted Displaced Ideal 45, Analytic Hierarchy Process 46, Factor Analysis, Principal Component Analysis, and Deviation from Optimum (Giovannini, 2005; Nardo, Paisana, Saltelli, Tarantola, Hoffman).
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