چکیده:
Introduction: The purpose of study was investigating the role of different aspects of parenting stress in two domains of child and mother in predicting maternal sensitivity and maternal caregiving quality. The method was correlation and for this purpose, 41 mother of 3 to 5 aged child dyad, were selected from 4 nursery schools. The mother- child dyad relationship were observed by Q-sort maternal behavior method for assessing maternal sensitivity and their interaction were coded, also the mothers completed the caregiving quality and parenting stress questionnaires. The results showed the child characteristics of parenting stress, included acceptance and hyperactivity could predict the responsiveness and confusion of mother and the mother characteristics of parenting stress, included depression could predict her availability. Also, the hyperactivity of child and attachment of mother were two main predictors of maternal sensitivity. The findings consistent with attachment theory confirmed the important role of parenting stress in maternal behavior expression.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Keywords: Maternal sensitivity, parenting stress, caring quality o Received: 2015/11/28 Final Revision: 2015/03/06 * Research Institute of Family, Shahid Beheshti University ** Department of Psychology, Tarbiat Modares University l Introduction Bowlby (1969/1982) claimed that humans are born with an innate biopsychological predisposition (attachment behavioral system) and are motivated to seek out meaningful faces, or "attachment figures"1, when in need.
The concept of maternal sensitivity was introduced as part of "attachment theory" in the 1970s (Ainsworth, Blehar, Waters, and Wall, 1978) and is considered one of the most important determinants of attachment between mother and child (Van Ijzendoorn, Bakermans-Kranenburg, and Grobler, 2007).
Research conducted on the consequences of maternal sensitivity has shown that, in addition to secure attachment development (Schain and Kim, 2007), sensitive maternal behavior leads to increased child calmness and attention, reduced stress and restlessness (Kampinen, Kompulainen, Moilanen, and Abling, 2006), optimal social development of the child and enhancement of their reciprocal relationships (Hincke and Gootrey, 1992), as well as their emotional and cognitive development (Kampinen et al.
The sixth version of this index contains 101 questions with 5-point Likert scale responses ranging from strongly agree to strongly disagree, and includes two domains: the child domain, which includes subscales of temperament (adaptability, demand, mood, inattention/hyperactivity) and child-mother interaction (receptivity and reinforcement), and the parent domain, which includes subscales of depression, attachment, role limitations, sense of competence, social isolation, marital relations, and parental health.
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