چکیده:
Among the various fields of the humanities in various societies, no field can be found that is not significantly influenced by history and the ups and downs of the times, and the passage of time has not affected it for a long time. Meanwhile, the legal and judicial spheres are no exception to this rule, and he and everything that belongs to them have undergone a change in the course of history. Legal history constitutes a major part of the history of civilized societies; and being aware of the evolution of any civilization requires a correct understanding of the various legal issues of past periods. In order to see how the issue of developments in the institution of advocacy and legal and judicial counseling has been discussed from the past to the present and what developments have taken place in the legal and judicial systems of Iran in the past, in this article, which is a research in the field of legal history, We will address the issue. Because eliminating any shortcomings in these areas, like other specialized areas, requires the use of past experience, and achieving this goal will not be possible except by examining and studying the historical background of the subject.
خلاصه ماشینی:
This time interval has been called the "liminal period," during which, in the implementation of the Law on the Principles of the Organization of the Judiciary, successive measures were taken to create order and the code of judicial advocacy and legal consultation to the style of advanced countries as an experiment and a preliminary measure, providing the ground for creating a legal organization for advocates and establishing their rights and limits (Matin Deftari, 1391, 268).
2 The aforementioned law became enforceable from the day of its approval, and its implementation lasted until the year 1375, with its Article 1 stating: "In order to reform the Bar Associations of the Islamic Republic of Iran, a Reconstruction Committee of the Bar Associations shall be formed, consisting of six judicial advocates and three judges selected by the Head of the Judiciary.
Another legal article regarding advocacy matters, which is considered one of the most controversial articles in legal circles and upon which numerous articles have been written in criticism, is Article 187 of the Third Economic, Social, and Cultural Development Plan Law approved in 1379, which stipulates: "In order to provide necessary legal supports, facilitate people's access to judicial services, and preserve public rights, the Judiciary is permitted to act regarding the verification of the competence of law graduates for the purpose of issuing licenses to establish legal consultancy institutions for them.
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