چکیده:
Home and family are among the most fundamental human needs; even in this era where living alone has become more common than ever, humans still turn to forming families and collective living, finding peace alongside their families after the end of daily work and effort. One of the effects of these migrations was the increase in urbanization rates and, consequently, the development and expansion of cities. In such circumstances, the demand for urban housing has grown, and due to the insufficiency of suitable housing space for settling migrant villagers, a group of them settled in humble houses lacking sanitary and welfare facilities. Achieving security and sustainable development can be made possible through the settlement and construction of defensible spaces and the application of non-active defense principles. Non-active defense measures in architecture and urban planning can, in addition to reducing damages from man-made threats, be useful for reducing vulnerability to various natural hazards. In this research, by collecting questionnaires from specialists in the fields of architecture, urban planning, and non-active defense, we reached influential variables, including: the population of Tehran citizens, the design of open and semi-open spaces, the construction of social housing on the outskirts of the city, the design of neighborhood units, the design of multi-functional spaces, the use of modern materials and technology in building construction, increasing green spaces, increasing the amount of lighting in movement paths, creating a sense of security and safety among citizens, and preventing the dispersion of the injured across treatment centers.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Refer to the page image Figure 3- Continuous land surface temperature map related to the date July 1, 2019 Then, based on the boundary of each forest patch, the continuous LST layer was clipped, and the LST statistical values for each patch were obtained.
Refer to the page image Figure 5- Continuous NDVI index map extracted from Landsat 8 satellite imagery Table 4- Correlation results between NDVI and LST {Refer to the attached table file} Discussion and Conclusion In the present research, the study area is Chitgar Forest Park.
(1396), Ballinas and Barradas (2016), and Anbazhagan and Paramasivam (2016).
Therefore, based on the results obtained, it can be said that mixed patches with high species diversity can play an important role in reducing the negative effects of thermal pollution on the environment and humans.
Measuring the effects of plant greenness in the spatial transformations of the intensity of the surface urban heat island of Tehran metropolitan area using LANDSAT 8 and ASTER satellite images, Journal of Spatial Analysis of Environmental Hazards, 3 (4): 1-16.
In this research, by receiving questionnaires from specialists in the fields of architecture, urban planning, and passive defense, we have identified influential variables, including: the population of Tehran citizens, the design of open and semi-open spaces, the construction of social housing in the outskirts of the city, the design of neighborhood units, the design of multi-purpose spaces, the use of modern materials and technology in building construction, increasing green spaces, increasing the amount of lighting in movement paths, creating a sense of security and safety in citizens, and preventing the dispersion of victims across medical centers.
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