چکیده:
Qutb al-Din Shirazi’s Ikhtiyārāt Muzaffari can be considered the most comprehensive hay’a book in Persian. According to the documents, Shirazi completed it only 4 months after the Nihāyat al-Idrāk fi Dirāyat al-Aflāk in 1281 dedicated to one of the rulers of Kastamonu. Although many sections of the Ikhtiyārāt are literal translations of Nihāya, the distribution and presentation of many subjects, especially the non-Ptolemaic planetary models, are completely different. While the language of Ikhtiyārāt is under the influence ofArabic structure, it maintains some signs of Persian identity. According to the introduction, the word “Ikhtiyarāt” does not mean “selection” in astrology, rather it refers to the author’s “preferences” or his new models to solve the difficulties of Ptolemaic models. There are some hints in the sources showing that the relationship between Shirazi and his master, Nasir al-Din Tusi, was not very friendly. Some new evidence is found in Nihāya and Ikhtiyārāt which may shed new light on the subject.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Younes Mahdavi, during his research on Tusi's book Kashf al-Qina', noticed that certain expressions in the introductions of Ikhtiyarat-i Muzaffari and the Persian version of Kashf al-Qina' are completely similar, and it appears that Shirazi has verbatim transcribed parts of Khwaja's introduction to Kashf al-Qina' (see, for example, the table below).
For example, after introducing Khwaja's planetary models in Nihaya, he quotes a passage from him: Praise be to God, who did not disappoint the author of the Tazkira [Tusi], when he said: "And perhaps God will grant success to the reader of this book so that he may find a complete way to solve all the difficulties or eliminate the remaining flaws in the aforementioned theories.
A few historical benefits regarding the relationship between Qutb al-Din and Khwaja Nasir from al-Nihayah and al-Ikhtiyarat In his autobiography, Shirazi mentions the names of some of his teachers in various sciences, especially medicine (Mashkavah, 1385: 38-42).
Keywords: Comprehensive book of astronomy, non-Ptolemaic models, Nasir al-Din al-Tusi, Persian astronomical works, al-Ikhtiyarat al-Muzaffari, Nihayat al-Idrak fi Dirayat al-Aflak, Qutb al-Din al-Shirazi Received date: 17/12/98 Acceptance date: 16/3/99 (Assistant Professor at the Institute for the History of Science, University of Tehran/ amirgamini@ut.
Determining the Date of Composition and the Patron of al-Ikhtiyarat al-Muzaffari Qutb al-Din al-Shirazi's first work in the science of astronomy is titled Nihayat al-Idrak fi Dirayat al-Aflak, which he likely wrote in Anatolia and dedicated to Baha al-Din Juwayni, the governor of Isfahan.
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