چکیده:
Debate is a dialogue based on unperturbed etiquette, and when it aims at persuasion and proof, it adorns itself with a cover of irony, ambiguity, vagueness, contempt, and humor against the opponent. Both parties in a debate, and especially the winning party, wrap their words in a cloak of polite language, while subtleties, graces, and allusions lie behind that speech for punishment and instruction. This article aims to examine debate, considering its discursive capacity, in terms of its functional role in society and within various literary genres that mirror the human mind, aspirations, desires, and breadth of thought. The result is that debate, according to a specific 'narrative context and structure,' manifests in literary genres toward the objectification of philosophical, intellectual, and social issues, and is based on the principles of 'observing situational context,' 'cunning in irony,' and 'unperturbed etiquette.' Through a deep structural analysis of debate, a new perspective of the original subject is revealed to the questioner, which aligns with the functions of irony and metaphor. The dominant themes of mystical debates are habituation and truth-seeking; epic debates are boasting and verbal combat; didactic debates involve didactic schemas to create questions in the audience's mind; and lyrical debates focus on situational context and teaching manners. By observing these subtle etiquettes, kings and servants, the wealthy and the poor, etc., while maintaining polite, solemn, and unperturbed discourse, express themselves and benefit from the advantage of a guiding dialogue.
خلاصه ماشینی:
The result is that, according to a specific "narrative context and structure," debate manifests in literary genres toward the objectification of philosophical, intellectual, and social issues, and is based on the principles of "observing situational context," "cunning in irony," and "the etiquette of anxiety.
In the study of debates in literary genres, if we pay attention to the action, social position, and nature of it, discuss their mutual relationships, and through that, reflect on the style of speech production and the symbolic organization of the discourse of both parties, a new way in the analysis of Persian literary debates will be presented.
Although debate has a clear presence in all literary genres due to its situationality and educational nature, since its center of discussion, situational context, and the social position of the individuals vary across literary genres, the analysis of the relationships and the situation in which the relationship between the two parties takes shape, and the investigation of the language established based on the inter-mental relationship in the dialogue of the two parties, are among the most important topics for representing the communicative context and analyzing discourse.
Therefore, by relying on discourse, debate plays a significant role in avoiding monologue and the absence of the questioner, and by choosing the inquiry/action method, which is characterized by the logic of dialogue, it reveals the honesty of speech, influence, and attractiveness, gives opportunity for the voice, knowledge, and thoughts of the characters to emerge, and strives to create an interaction where power relations are balanced and bilateral (see: ibid).
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