چکیده:
One of the important topics in examining the contemporary history of Iran is oil and its related issues. Despite extensive research in the field of Iran's oil history, the northern oil region has been relatively less explored compared to the oil sectors of southern Iran. This research was conducted with the aim of examining the contexts and reasons for the attention of powers toward northern oil, as well as the factors and forces involved in the exploration and extraction of oil in this region. The article seeks to answer questions regarding the factors affecting the importance of northern oil and the companies active in the field of oil fields in the Caspian Sea region. Researchers, while examining surviving documents and records on the subject using library and documentary methods, will attempt to analyze the data and explain the issues raised in the research. Findings show that studies in the northern oil field have not been separate from the southern oil field and general international developments. Colonial competitions of countries during the Qajar era and the transformations they created in bilateral agreements provided the ground for a greater presence of companies in northern oil.
خلاصه ماشینی:
1-World War I and the Value of Oil: A few years before the start of World War I, namely the final years of the period of armed peace from 1911 AD/1290 SH to 1914 AD/1293 SH, according to the provisions of the secret 1907 agreement, the northern parts of Iran had come under Russian dominance and the southern parts under British dominance meaning that, regardless of the occurrence of the Constitutional Revolution, the new political cornerstone of Iranian sovereignty had been violated, and the situation had become extraordinarily turbulent, slipping from the hands of governments whose lifespans sometimes did not even last a few months, creating widespread public dissatisfaction.
Khoshtaria, who was from Georgia and a Russian subject, in the years during World War I, 1916 AD/12 March 1295, purchased from him the permit that Naser al-Din Shah had previously granted to Mohammad Vali Khan Khalkhalbari regarding the extraction of northern Iranian oil, and the aforementioned signed a contract regarding the concession for the extraction of northern Iranian oil, as he had become the Prime Minister at that time.
Based on the 1907 agreement, some oil regions were located within the Russian sphere of influence, such as the North and South Caucasus regions, the northwestern regions of Iran, and even the shores of the North Sea, which led to international agreements between Russia and Britain and resulted in the 1915 agreement; therefore, according to the 1915 agreement, changes occurred in the neutral zones related to the 1907 agreement, and certain areas of this territory were allocated to the spheres of influence of the parties and the British government was granted the right to undertake new actions and expand its activities in the new areas under its influence.
(
, 
, 
)
