چکیده:
Iran and Saudi Arabia, two neighboring countries in the Persian Gulf and two important rival and influential powers in the West Asia region, cannot ignore each other. The policy and strategy of these two countries in many historical periods has been against each other, and an atmosphere of 'confrontation and hostility' has dominated constructive interaction methods in the relations between these two countries. In recent decades, these two powers have not been able to take radical and fundamental actions to establish normal and stable relations between themselves. Currently, the level of confrontation and the atmosphere of negative propaganda in both countries is such that the possibility of conflict and even limited military clash is not beyond the imagination of analysts. The aim of this research is to examine the political approaches and issues and major differences in the relations between the Islamic Republic of Iran and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; evaluate common interests; and also provide mechanisms and methods for political compromise and improving relations between the two countries. The research hypothesis is that the formation of the two countries' differences is rooted in the 'political issues' between them as well as 'U.S. policies' in the region, and their resolution and the improvement of relations are dependent on resolving political issues and the nature of the relationship of the two countries with the U.S. Given the participatory observation and experience of presence in the decision-making structure, the method of conducting this research is descriptive-explanatory and analytical, and data collection was carried out through library and internet search methods and the study of documents and texts. In the conclusion of the research, the contexts and solutions for overcoming political obstacles and how to contain conflicts and establish bilateral relations have been examined. The findings of this research specify that the solution for improving relations between the two countries is to rely on 'commonalities and shared interests' instead of insisting on differences, pursuing a 'negotiated or collective security system' in the Persian Gulf, and 'establishing political relations' between the two countries through 'comprehensive and inclusive negotiation.'
خلاصه ماشینی:
The purpose of conducting this research is to examine political approaches, issues, and significant differences in the relations between the Islamic Republic of Iran and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, evaluate common interests, and also provide mechanisms and methods for political reconciliation and improving relations between the two countries.
Iran and Saudi Arabia are two important countries in the Islamic world whose type of relationship with each other has a significant impact on the security situation of the Persian Gulf and the stability of the Middle East region.
The main question of this research is: "Despite the competitions and fundamental differences between Iran and Saudi Arabia, what mechanisms exist to reduce the level of hostility, improve relations between the two countries, and reach a political reconciliation?" In this research, taking into account the experience of presence in the country's decision-making structure and participatory observation, we will address the different dimensions of this subject, how to overcome the current situation, and how to reach an understanding.
However, all the efforts of Saudi officials based on "political consultations," especially in America, "meeting diplomacy," and traveling to various countries, from the Middle East to Europe and the United States, coalition-building in regional and global arenas, and negotiations conducted with them relying on oil dollars, have been purposefully designed in line with opposition to Iran.
It should be noted that America's security policy in the Middle East is organized based on confronting radical countries (Motaghi, 1390: 99); therefore, it simultaneously uses the resources and capacities of the Saudi government to contain the increasing regional role of the Islamic Republic and to pressure Iran.
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