چکیده:
Urban primacy analyses in Iran and most countries of the world have often been limited to government centers (capitals and other large cities), and top-down analysis processes lead to top-down (centralized) planning fates, which is also one of the problems afflicting Iran. This method of analysis is incorrect because it only examines a portion of the required levels and could certainly achieve success in discovering causes that may lie at other levels (middle and lower) of cities. Based on this, in this article, we have attempted to examine lower urban levels for the first time in the format of urban primacy. The research hypothesis is based on the premise that: the urban system of Sistan and Baluchestan province and Zabol county is moving towards decentralization and urban fragmentation. Using quantitative research methods and urban primacy indices, concentration and decentralization were proven, showing that at these levels, similar to the Iranian urban system, decentralization and urban fragmentation exist, albeit with greater intensity. For example, in the 2006 census, Tehran was about 2.3 times larger than the second metropolis, meaning Mashhad (7,705,036 - 2,410,800); in Sistan and Baluchestan province, Zahedan was 2.4 times larger than the second city, Zabol (567,449 - 136,956) in the Zabol region; and the city of Zabol was about 12 times larger than the second city of the region, namely Zehak (136,956 - 11,401). It seems that employing urban development strategies to control and organize the growth of Tehran, strengthening the role and position of middle and small cities, creating development poles in deprived areas to attract large industries to them, providing tax exemptions for industries established in other provinces of the country, and strengthening rural systems and the agricultural economy could be appropriate solutions for reforming the urban system at all levels. 1. Associate Professor, Department of Human Geography, University of Tehran. 2. Assistant Professor, Department of Human Geography, University of Tehran. 3. Associate Professor, Department of Geography, Shahid Beheshti University. 4. PhD student in Geography and Urban Planning, University of Tehran.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Farhoodi 2, Mohammad Hassan Zia Tavana 3 and Gholamali Khamr Abstract Urban primacy analyses in Iran and most countries of the world have often been limited to government centers (capitals and other large cities), and top-down analysis processes lead to a top-down (centralized) planning fate, which is also one of the problems afflicting Iran.
It seems that employing urban development strategies to control and manage the growth of Tehran, strengthening the role and status of middle and small cities, creating development poles in deprived areas to attract large industries to them, providing tax exemptions for industries that are established in other provinces of the country, and strengthening rural systems and the agricultural economy could be appropriate solutions for reforming the urban system at all levels.
Urban primacy, concentration index, decentralization index, urban system Introduction In many third world countries, most modern activities on a large scale are concentrated in a single major city 1 that dominates all other cities.
In other words, has urban primacy, which is the embodiment of the concentration of population and activity in primate cities, increased or decreased in Sistan and Baluchestan province and the Sistan region over the past four decades?
Jefferson 2 (1939) argued that in the initial stages of a country's urban development, a city that emerges larger than the rest creates incentives for its own self-sufficient growth, enabling it to attract economic and political activities over time to such an extent that it dominates the national urban system.
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