چکیده:
Following the Islamic Revolution in Iran and, on the other hand, the rise to power of Anwar Sadat in 1971 in Egypt, the foreign policy of these two countries towards Israel underwent a fundamental transformation. This shift occurred at a time when it appears that the identity of the Iranian government after the Islamic Revolution and the Egyptian government after Gamal Abdel Nasser also changed. This research attempts to examine how the foreign policies of Iran and Egypt towards Israel have changed under the influence of changes in their governmental identities during different time periods. In response to this question, based on the micro-level constructivist approach, this article states that the change in internal norms is explanatory of how the foreign policy of these two countries towards Israel changed in different time periods. In such a way that the change in the internal norms shaping the identities of the governments of Iran after the Islamic Revolution and Egypt after Gamal Abdel Nasser facilitated a significant change in the foreign policy of these two countries towards Israel. To this end, in the first section of this article, the constructivist approach in international relations is examined; in the second section, the role of this approach in analyzing foreign policy is examined; in the third section, the change in Iran's foreign policy after the Islamic Revolution is examined; and in the fourth section, the change in Egypt's foreign policy towards Israel after Gamal Abdel Nasser is addressed from the perspective of the micro-level constructivist approach.
خلاصه ماشینی:
In response to this question, based on the single-level constructivist approach, this article states that the change in internal norms effective in the formation of the identities of the different states of Iran and Egypt explains how the foreign policies of these two countries towards Israel changed in different time periods.
Based on this, and considering the single-level constructivist approach, which attempts to pay attention to the role of internal rules and norms in shaping the identity of actors and its impact on their interests and foreign policy orientation, one can explain how Egypt's foreign policy toward Israel changed by enumerating the norms arising from the nationalist discourse that has gained attention after the rise of Anwar Sadat in Egypt and has been the basis for the formation of the identity of the Egyptian state after Nasser.
Based on the single-level constructivist approach, the aforementioned internal norms have collectively shaped the identity of the Egyptian state after Nasser, which in turn has played an effective role in influencing the formation of interests and the orientation of the Egyptian state's foreign policy toward Israel; so much so that Egypt's foreign policy orientation toward Israel changed from a confrontational approach to a critical one after Gamal Abdel Nasser, the reflection of which can be observed in the recognition of Israel, the signing of the Camp David Accords, the separate peace treaty between Egypt and Israel, and the establishment of political, economic, and cultural relations with Israel.
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