چکیده:
Medicine flourished by translating Greek books in Iran, the early centuries of Islam, so that it is regarded as one of the important eras of medical history. Another milestone in the evolution of medical science happened during the reign of the Qajar. In fact, since the reign of Naseroddin Shah modern medicine developed through the establishment of Polytechnic institution and hiring foreign teachers and publishing medical books and newspapers addressing health care issues. Also some Physicians came to Iran with the Christian religious Americans, English, Russian and German boards. The doctors, unlike other foreign doctors were not exclusive to the court. That is why a lot of people were referred to hospitals for treatment of their diseases. Iranian physicians in this period were divided into three categories. Some of them had mastered old texts, such as books of Ibn Sina. And some physicians had gone abroad or learned lessons of European Doctors of Polytechnic institution. Some, like barbers and the tonsorial and old ladies had the experimental techniques in the field of medicine. This study seeks to describe and analyze the place of medicine in the reign of Naseroddin Shah using documents and resources.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Due to reasons such as the motivations of the endowers, people's beliefs and convictions, their location within the urban fabric, and the recourse of various individuals to them, these water facilities, alongside their primary and vital function—namely providing drinking water—had other functions as well.
The main issue of the present research is to investigate the hidden functions of Tehran's public water cisterns during the Qajar era.
The research result, conducted using a descriptive-analytical method and through the collection of data via library-documentary methods, interviews, and field observations, shows that the hidden functions of the cisterns had various cultural, economic, and social aspects that were directly related to the temperaments, beliefs, and lifestyles of the city's people.
Elm. The hidden functions of Tehran's endowed water cisterns had various cultural, social, and economic aspects, and these functions played an important role in the social life of the city's people.
Therefore, despite the cases mentioned regarding the importance and sanctity of water and water cisterns among Iranians and specifically the people of Tehran, these buildings were not far from matters contrary to custom and social ethics.
The connection of Tehran's water cisterns with Shia culture is visible not only in endowment deeds but also in cases such as inscriptions and the physical elements of these buildings.
Therefore, it is probable that Tehran's endowment water cisterns were also a place for various social interactions.
The main issue of the present research is to investigate and identify the hidden functions of the endowment water cisterns of Tehran during the Qajar era.
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